中文摘要：

目的探讨超声造影（CEUS）在实验犬脑实质出血（IH）诊断中的应用价值。方法采用自身前后对照研究方法，12只实验犬穿刺大脑中动脉制作IH模型。制模后即刻、30min、1h行二维超声及CEUS检查，观察病灶回声及出血范围，并于1h时行CT检查，与CEUS结果比较。结果12只犬均成功复制IH模型，并均经CT及病理证实形成单侧血肿。二维超声示脑出血灶表现为不规则偏高回声区，边界不清，均不能显示活动性出血。CEUS显示脑实质活动性出血，表现为造影剂溢出并浓聚，呈高增强；血肿表现为灌注缺失，边界清楚。CEUS检查测量制模后30min及1h出血病灶范围（cm）持续增大（1．47±0．40、1．76±0．45），与制模即刻（1．03±0．24）相比差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）；30min与1h病灶相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。制模1hCEUS与CT测定出血病灶范围比较差异无统计学意义（1．76±0．45比1．79±0．47，P〉0．05）。结论CEUS有助于显示IH的程度和范围，并可动态观察其发展过程。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the role of contrast enhanced ultrasound （CEUS） in diagnosing experimental cerebral intraparenchymal hemorrhage （IH） in dogs. Methods A self-control study was conducted. An IH model was reproduced by puncturing middle cerebral artery （MCA） in 12 dogs. Two-dimensional ultrasound and CEUS were conducted immediately, 30 minutes, and 1 hour after modeling, respectively, to observe the lesion echo and bleeding area. CT scans were also conducted at 1 hour after modeling, then the lesion size in CT scan was compared with that of CEUS. Results In 12 dogs IH model was reproduced successfully, and unilateral hematomas were confirmed by CT and pathological examination. Two-dimensional ultrasound of IH showed irregular high-echo area, with unclear boundary, but it was not able to show active bleeding. CEUS demonstrated active bleeding by outflow and pooling of contrast agent with obvious enhancement. CEUS of the hematoma showed perfusion deficit, with a clear boundary. The size of bleeding lesions （cm） continued to increase at 30 minutes and 1 hour after modeling （1.47±0.40, 1.76±0.45 by CEUS measuring）, and demonstrated statistically significant difference comparing with the measurement of IH immediately after modeling （ 1.03±0.24, both P〈0.01 ）, while there was no statistically significant difference between the 30-minute and 1-hour measurements （P〉0.05）. Compared with the measurements between CEUS and CT at 1 hour, there was no statistically significant difference in size of bleeding lesions （1.76±0.45 vs. 1.79±0.47, P〉0.05 ）. Conclusion CEUS can help determine the extent and size of IH, and the process of hematoma formation when dynamically monitoring.