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中文摘要：
目的：观察分层吸痰法在老年颅脑外伤患者术后早期气道管理中的有效性与安全性。方法将70例年龄60岁及以上的颅脑外伤术后患者按入院时间先后交替分为分层吸痰组（A组）及传统吸痰组（B组），观察两组患者吸痰前后心率、血压、氧饱和度的变化，比较两组之间黏膜损伤频率、日均吸痰次数及呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）的发生率。结果与传统吸痰法相比，分层吸痰法能够减少生命体征变化、日均吸痰的次数，降低气道黏膜损伤及VAP的发生率，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论针对老年颅脑外伤术后的患者，与传统吸痰法相比，分层吸痰法更安全、有效。
英文摘要：
Objective To observe the efficacy and safety in the postoperative craniocerebral trauma elderly patients us-ing the layered method of sputum suction. Methods Senventy patients aged 60 and above with craniocerebral trauma were divided into the layered method group （group A） and the traditional method group （group B）. The vital sign, mu-cosa damage frequency, the times of average daily sputum suction and the incidence of VAP were compared. Results Compared with group B, group A could reduce the vital signs change and the times of average daily sputum suction, with lower airway mucosa damage and the incidence of VAP, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Con-clusion The layered method of sputum suction is safer and more effective than traditional method in treatment of the postoperative elderly patients with craniocerebral trauma.
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