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中文摘要：
在复杂多变的应急决策环境中，如何根据已有的决策背景知识和当前发生的应急问题，进行有效的知识推理是在应急处置过程中实现知识发现的重要途径。本文基于范畴论和定型范畴论，提出了一种从联想和推演两个角度实现的知识推理方法。这种方法是通过类推定型函子（Functor）和推出（Pushout）来实现的，它将推理形式转变成一种范畴化知识结构上的计算过程。该方法能够通过有效的知识推理，从已知的决策背景知识中获得新知识，以辅助决策者进行有效的决策。
英文摘要：
In the complex and changing circumstances of emergency decision-making, it is important that we use effective knowledge reasoning to realize knowledge discovery in emergency responses according to the existent decision-making background knowledge and current emergency problems. This paper presents a new knowledge reasoning method at the angle of knowledge association and deduction based upon category theory and typed category theory. We implement the graphical process of knowledge reasoning through analogical functors and categorical pushouts, and this method changes traditional knowledge reasoning to the computation of categorical knowledge structures. This knowledge reasoning method can help decision makers to obtain new knowledge to make decisions.
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