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中文摘要：
为适应精益化物流小批量、多频次的配送作业运作要求,很多企业在供应物流环节面临着是循环取货还是直接运输的选择。配送过程中各供应商生产过程的不确定性导致了总提前期的波动,由于在2种配送方式下总提前期的波动不同,因此,提前期的波动直接影响到最优采购策略以及配送方式的选择。以由制造商和多供应商组成的多产品供应链为背景展开研究,考虑到提前期的波动对采购方式和采购策略的影响,基于随机提前期且考虑车载量约束,分别建立了直接运输和循环取货2种配送方式下的库存优化模型,并进一步求解得出了各自的最优采购策略。最后,通过数值分析对上述研究结果进行了论证,并比较了参数变化对2种配送方式下总成本的影响,给出了2种配送方式的具体适用条件。
英文摘要：
To cope with small lot sizes and frequent deliveries in lean logistics,manufacturers have the choices of direct shipping or milk runs in inbound logistics.The variances of total lead time caused by the uncertainty in each supplier＇s production processes are different in these two delivery modes and directly affect the optimal procurement policies and the choices of delivery modes.A multi-item supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and multiple suppliers was considered.Considering the effect of variance of total lead time on procurement policies and the choices of delivery modes,we develop inventories models based on stochastic lead time and limited capacities in direct shipping and milk runs,respectively,and obtain the optimal procurement policies.A numerical example is presented to illustrate the results.Comparing the effect of parameter change on the total costs,the conditions are given for these two delivery modes.
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