中文摘要：

当前我国地方政府结构优化主要体现在三个层面,即纵向层面的＂省管县改革＂、横向层面的区域行政整合和自身的大部门制改革。本文从这三个维度出发,在地方政府结构变革的框架内,探讨了各层面改革的目的、基本走向及其对地方政府结构变化的作用与影响,认为改革体现了政府结构走向合理化的总体趋势。由此提出：只有当地方政府内外整合系统充分发挥作用,地方政府与市场、社会间协调有度,地方政府利益与观念高度同化,地方政府制度衔接性好,地方政府流程顺畅时,才能实现地方政府结构的优化。

英文摘要：

Optimization of the current local government structures is reflected in three aspects： ＂province administrating county reform＂ in the vertical dimension,integration of the regional administration on horizontal level,and super-ministry reform in their own point.From those three dimensions,this paper,in the framework of local government structure change,probes into the purpose,the basic trend of government reform at each level and its role and influence on local government structures,and thinks that the reform presents the general trend of the rationalization of government structure.The authors put forward only when the local government internal and external integration system fully plays its roles;local government,market and society coordinate properly;local government interests and ideas assimilate highly;local government system articulates well and local government process flows work smoothly,can we truly achieve the local government structure optimization.