本文基于光学计量技术及扫描显微技术,从结构和器件的表面轮廓和粗糙度两个参数入手,介绍表面高度起伏从厘米到原子级水平的检测和分析中的一些重要方法,如适用于表面起伏从厘米到微米量级的结构光投影方法、表面起伏从毫米量级到亚微米量级的相干光形貌测试技术,以及从亚微米到亚纳米水平的光散射技术和扫描显微表面形貌与表面粗糙度测试技术等,并讨论各种尺度下表面的表征方式和检测参数。最后结合散斑统计分析技术,应用局域散斑场强度统计平均和散斑场自相关函数计算,给出了某战斗机机体蒙皮材料在环境应力腐蚀条件下表面粗糙度(范围从0.025微米到0.7微米)随腐蚀介质温度、腐蚀时间等参数的检测和分析结果。
The important methods on the measurement of surface height fluctuation,ranged from millimeter to sub-nanometer,are introduced with the parameters of profile and roughness based on the optical and scanning microscopic techniques.Topics include the structured light intensity pattern profilometry,the coherence profilometry,as well as the optical scattering and microscopic scanning methods which are applicable to the height fluctuations from centimeters to micrometers,from millimeters to sub-micrometers and fro...