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基于植被指数和地表反照率影响的北京城市热岛变化

期刊名称：环境科学研究
时间：0
页码：215-220
语言：中文
分类：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
作者机构：[1]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081, [2]北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（40801173）;中国博士后科学基金项目（20070420308）;中国气象局气候研究开放实验室项目（LCS-2006-13）
相关项目：旱情遥感监测模型敏感参数确定与模型集成研究

关键词：城市热岛, 地表温度, 地表反照率, 植被指数, urban heat island, land surface temperature, Albedo, normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI）

中文摘要：

利用TERRA/MODIS遥感反演的地表温度资料,对2000—2006年北京城市热岛季节变化特征进行了研究,结合同期降水量、植被指数和地表反照率变化,分析了该地夏季城市热岛的年际变化成因.结果表明：北京多年四季热岛分布主要以城区为中心向周边郊区延伸,其中夏季城市热岛最强,春、秋和冬季较弱,这种热岛强度的季节性差异主要与太阳辐射强度、地表植被覆盖状况和城市人为热释放等的季节性变化密切相关.北京夏季城市热岛的年际变化特征为：2005和2006年最显著,热岛中心强度分别为10.54和9.61℃;2002和2004年城市热岛最弱,热岛中心强度分别为6.54和7.39℃.2000—2006年北京市夏季城市热岛具有明显增强趋势,热岛强度增温率为0.326℃/a.北京夏季降水对城区地表温度影响大于郊区,降水主要通过影响城区地表温度来影响城市热岛变化;夏季地表植被和地表反照率变化对地表温度和城市热岛也均有较大影响.2000年以来,北京郊区夏季地表植被指数增加率远高于城区,受地表植被和地表反照率变化的影响,郊区降温率明显大于城区,致使城郊温差增大,热岛效应加强.

英文摘要：

Land surface temperature （L ST） retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Speetruradiometer （MODIS） aboard the TERRA satellites was used to study the seasonal change characteristics of the urban heat island （UHI） effect in Beijing from 2000 to 2006. At the same time, the normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and surface Albedo data were used to analyze the causes of UHI changes in summer. The results showed that mean seasonal UHI distributions in Beijing were extending from the urban area to the suburbs. Urban heat island intensity （UHII） was the strongest in the summer, while it was weaker in spring, autumn and winter. The seasonal variations of UHII were closely related to the seasonal changes of solar radiation intensity, surface vegetation coverage and artificial heat release. During the period 2000 to 2006 in summer, UHIIs were the strongest in 2005 and 2006 with the maximum intensities of 10.54 and 9.61 ℃, respectively. UHIIs were the weakest in 2002 and 2004 with maximum intensities of 6.54 and 7.39 ℃, respectively. The variation trend of UHII in Beijing increased significantly by 0.326 ℃/a. The impact of summer precipitation on the LST in the Beijing urban area was greater than that in the Beijing suburbs, and this also affected the UHI. Both vegetation and Albedo affected LST and UHI remarkably in summer. Since 2000, the NDVI in the suburbs increased more rapidly than that in the urban area. Affected by the NDVI and Albedo, the I-ST in the suburbs decreased more quickly than that in the urban area, which increased the temperature difference between the suburban and urban areas and aggravated the UHI in Beijing.

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