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Contact mechanics of pad of grasshopper (Insecta: ORTHOPTERA) by finite element methods

ISSN号：1001-6538
期刊名称：科学通报(英文版)
时间：0
页码：549-555
语言：中文
分类：Q969[生物学—昆虫学] Q964[生物学—昆虫学]
作者机构：[1]Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 210016, [2]Evolutionary Biomaterials Group, Max-Planck-lnstitute for Metals Research, Germany, 70569
相关基金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grants Nos. 60535020, 50635030 and 50675160） and the Development Plan of the State Key Fundamental Research （Grant No. 2007CB607600）
相关项目：类壁虎仿生机器人的关键基础研究

关键词：蚱蜢, 接触机理, 昆虫脚, 接触表面, 生物模拟, 有限元分析, grasshopper, contact mechanics, functional morphology, biomimetics, finite-element analysis

中文摘要：

在运动期间，昆虫脚忍受戏剧的影响力量并且产生被脚的建筑学控制的粘合剂力量。昆虫脚里的光滑的附件垫的模式在昆虫订单和家庭之中广泛地变化。微观结构的功能的意义和昆虫脚的几何设计仍然保持大部分未知。在这研究，我们开发了一只蚂蚱的附件垫的一个二维的有限元素模型。现实主义的几何微观结构和材料性质在简历被使用结构的行为的机械分析在接触期间。这里，我们使用扫描电子显微镜学学习蚂蚱的垫的微观结构，然后使用有限元素方法计算变丑向量领域，联系僵硬，联系区域，安全气袋工作并且拉紧在接触法期间的领域。结果表明一只蚂蚱的垫的几何设计和材料拓扑学在减少接触僵硬是很有效的，增加接触区域并且产生在接触过程期间的高磨擦力量。支持软 exocuticle 的包含杆的结构使垫高度适应到各种各样的表面和减少在垫内的压力。

英文摘要：

During locomotion, insect feet endure dramatic impact force and generate adhesive force which is controlled by the architecture of the foot. The patterns of smooth attachment pads in insect feet vary widely among insect orders and families. The functional significance of the micro.structure and geometric design of insect feet remains largely unknown. In this study, we developed a two-dimensional finite element model of a grasshopper＇s attachment pad. Realistic geometric microstructure and material properties are applied in the biomechanical analysis of the structural behavior during contact. Here we use scanning electronic microscopy to study the microstructure of the grasshopper＇s pad, and then use the finite element method to calculate the deformation vector fields, contact stiffness, contact area, function of the airbag and strain fields during the contact process. The results reveal that the geometric design and material topology of a grasshopper＇s pads are very effective in reducing contact stiffness, increasing contact area and generating high friction force during the contact procedure. The rod-containing structure supporting the soft exocuticle makes the pads highly adaptive to various surfaces and decreases the stress inside the pads.