中国应急管理体制改革是后"非典"时代制度建设的重要内容。本文聚焦中国灾害管理体制变迁,从结构和功能双重维度对中央和地方政府灾害管理体制演变展开分析,通过对政府制度文件的内容分析,采取社会网络分析方法,勾勒中央与典型省份的灾害管理体制网络形态,并对组织间的结构与功能关系数据进行分析处理。研究发现:政府灾害管理体制变迁的突出特点是地方政府体制结构创新,结构变革虽部分缓解原有体制在协调与权威困境,仍未摆脱以应急响应功能为主导的体制设计,阻滞了结构变革效应的发挥。在灾害治理语境下,本文基于体制改革协同、灾害治理转型以及政府应急办定位层面,对灾害管理体制结构与功能的顶层设计提出相关政策建议。
The reform of Chinese National Emergency Management System is an important hallmark in the era of Post - SARS Crisis. This article focuses on institutional change of Chinese government disaster management, using Social Network Analysis (SNA) to describe the disaster management networks of central government and provlneial governments. The conclusion shows that divergence of understanding disaster management, uncoordinated system reform between central and provincial government, and ambiguity in functional design of EOC can be seen as impeding elements that may reduce positive effects of provincial governments disaster management reform. In discourse system of disaster governance, I put forward some suggestions on reconstruction of national disaster management system to adapt to the new characters of risk and crisis.