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中文摘要：
【目的】明晰水稻抗瘟性表型和抗病基因同源序列多态性之间的关系，了解广谱、持久抗瘟性的分子遗传基础。【方法】利用25个稻瘟病鉴别品种（系）和20个水稻品种（系）在人工接种条件下的对稻瘟病单孢菌株的抗性表型和抗病基因同源序列（resistance gene analogs，RGA）多态性进行聚类比较分析。【结果】以单孢菌株接种的抗性表型聚类，取相似系数0．450，可将45个品种（系）划分为A、B两大类；取相似系数0．618，A、B两大类又分别可分为i、ii、iii、iv等4个亚类。以抗病基因同源序列多态性聚类，取遗传相似系数0．620，可将45个品种（系）划归Ⅰ，Ⅱ两类，这两类明显地趋向籼粳两亚种划分；取遗传相似系数0．783时，类群Ⅰ又可划分为i、ii、iii、iv、v、vi等6个亚类，类群Ⅱ又可划分为i、ii、iii、iv、v、vi、vii等7个亚类。用抗感单孢稻瘟病菌表型聚类，倾向于抗谱相似的聚为一类；按RGA相似性聚类，倾向于遗传背景相近的聚为一类。对于抗病频率低或是抗病频率高的品种两者类与类之间有较好的对应关系，但总体看来类与类之间没有明显的对应关系。【结论】在抗稻瘟病育种方面，对亲本材料进行单孢菌株抗性鉴定和抗病基因同源序列多态性分析，可以更准确地反映亲本抗性遗传背景，从而避免同一抗源反复使用，还可以丰富培育品种的抗性遗传基础和延长品种抗性。
英文摘要：
[ Objective] In this paper, the study was conducted to investigate the relationship between phenotype of blast resistance and resistance gene analog polymorphism of rice, and search molecule hereditary basis of broad spectrum and durable resistance. [Method] Comparison of clustering analysis was investigated using spectrum of resistance to blast and polymorphism of resistance gene analog （RGA） in 25 varieties for blast resistance identification and 20 varieties （lines）. [Result] The resistance spectrum clustering analysis showed that the 45 varieties （lines） could be divided into group A and group B with the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.450. Group A and group B could be divided into subclass i, subclass ii, subclass iii, subclass iv, respectively, with 0.618 genetic similarity coefficient. The RGA-PCR clustering analysis showed that proposed the 45 varieties （lines） could be divided into group I and group II which clearly inclined the Indica-japonica differentiation with 0.620 genetic similarity coefficient. Group I could be divided into six subclasses and group II could be divided into seven subclasses with 0.783 genetic similarity coefficient. The resistance spectrum clustering analysis showed that some varieties with similar resistance spectrum could finely fall into the same group, while the RGA-PCR clustering analysis showed that some varieties with the similar genetic background could fall into the same group. For some varieties with low resistance frequency or high resistance frequency, there was a better corresponding relationship between the resistance spectrum clustering and the RGA-PCR clustering. General comparison of clustering analysis showed that there was no parallelism relationship between group and group in two different types of the clustering [Conclusion] It could more accurately reflect their genetic background to test resistance to single strain and analysis on RGA polymorphism for resistance parents, and avoid applying the same source of resistance again and again, a
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