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中文摘要：
用具有不同遗传背景的5个母本（3个籼型恢复系绵恢725、蜀恢527和蜀恢881，1个美国粳稻Lemont及1个爪哇稻香大粒），与1个日本特早熟粳稻Kitaake杂交。得到不同类型的F1。5个F1及其亲本的光合特性和农艺性状的分析结果表明，在高光通量密度条件下，5个F1的叶片净光合速率明显高于双亲或其中之一；在表观量子效率、羧化效率、CO2补偿点3个叶片光合指标上，杂种的表现也优于亲本；5个F1因亲本之间具有不同的遗传背景而表现出不同的叶片光合能力。典型籼粳亚种间杂交组合蜀恢527／Kitaake、绵恢725／Kitaake要优于其他组合；5个F1在农艺性状上也表现出不同程度的杂种优势，库容表现为蜀恢881／Kitaake〉绵恢725／Kitaake〉蜀恢527／Kitaake〉Lemont／Kitaake-香大粒／Kitaake。表明籼粳亚种问杂种的增产潜力也优于另外两个杂种，这与杂种在净光合速率方面的表现一致。但籼粳交的不正常结实阻碍了库容优势的正常发挥，所以要实现水稻超高产必须注意基因组间的协调性，即遗传距离适度。
英文摘要：
Three indica restorer lines Mianhui 725, Shuhui 527, Shuhui 881 and an American rice variety Lemont and a javanica rice Xiangdali were crossed with a Japanese japonica rice Kitaake, and five intersubspecific hybrids derived from the parents with different genetic background were made. The net photosynthetic rate （Pn） in leaves of the five combinations were significantly higher than that of their parents or one of them under high photo flux density; the performance of the combinations was better than their corresponding parents on the apparent quantum yield, carboxylation efficiency and CO2 compensa tion point. Photosynthetic ability of the five F1 performed differently with their genetic differences and the typical intersubspecific hybrids Mianhui 725/Kitaake, Shuhui 527/Kitaake were better than the others on the aspect. The five F1 exhibited different heterosis on agronomic traits and Shuhui 881/Kitaake showed the largest sink size, followed by Mianhui 725/Kitaake, Shuhui 527/Kitaake, Lemont/Kitaake and Xiangdali/Kitaake in order. The potential yield of indica/japonica hybrids was consistent with the performance of Pn in leaves. But the superiority of indica/japonica on sink size had not turned into the superiority of yield because of poor grain filling. So the coordination of their genomes and appropriate genetic distance should be paid attention to for achieving super high yield.
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