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不同玉米人工合成群体的遗传潜势分析

ISSN号：1005-0906
期刊名称：《玉米科学》
时间：0
分类：S513.035[农业科学—作物学]
作者机构：[1]四川农业大学玉米研究所/教育部作物基因资源与遗传改良重点实验室,四川雅安625014
相关基金：基金项目：国家“十一五”科技攻关计划子课题（2006BADl3803）、教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划（IRT0453）、四川省玉米育种攻关项目

作者：江舟[1], 杨麟[1], 杨克诚[1], 高世斌[1], 潘光堂[1], 荣廷昭[1]

关键词：玉米群体, 遗传多样性, SSR标记, 产量配合力, Maize population, Genetic diversity, SSR marker, Yield GCA

中文摘要：

分析9个不同玉米人工合成群体的遗传多样性、产量一般配合力（GCA）表现及两者之间的联系。结果表明，筛选出的30对覆盖玉米基因组的SSR引物在9个群体中共扩增出189个等位基因，每个SSR位点的等位基因数为3～12个，平均6．3个。9个群体中，06P1的多态位点数相对较高，群体GP-5的基因型数在所有供试群体中最为丰富。群体有效等位基因数、实际等位基因数和期望基因杂合度的比较结果表明，9个供试群体有效等位基因数的平均值都较大，遗传相似系数相对较小，说明这些群体遗传变异度较高；群体遗传多样性指数的分析结果表明，群体内的遗传变异远大于群体间的遗传差异；产量GCA分析结果表明，群体06P7和06P8表现最优。综合分析SSR标记的各项遗传参数及产量GCA，群体06P1、06P4、06P5和GP-5是遗传变异相对较为丰富的基础群体；群体遗传变异度大小与产量GCA高低并无必然的联系。群体比较结果表明，按田间表现选择3～4个单交种合成小群体同样可以得到遗传变异较丰富且产量GCA较高的基础群体。

英文摘要：

To evaluate genetic diversity and yield general combining ability （GCA） of nine synthetic maize populations. It was employed the combining ability test and micro-satellite（SSR） markers in present research. Using 30 SSR loci distributed on 10 chromosomes of maize, 189 alleles were detected among the groups. At each locus, the number of alleles varied from 3 to 12, with an average of 6.3. The polymorphic loci number of 06P1 and genotypic number of GP-5 are highest in 9 populations. The range of populations＇ own similarity coefficients was 0.632 8 to 0.663 8, the 06P1, 06P4, 06P5, 06P6 and GP-5 with a little smaller value. The range of average number of effective number of alleles was 2.432 5 to 2.837 7. Observed heterozygosity was 0.488 9 to 0.611 1, 06P5, 06P1, 06P6 and GP-5 with higher value. The analysis of Shannon-genetic diversity index showed that population＇ s own genetic diversity is larger than the value between populations. GCA of yield trait in population 06P7 and 06P8 were highest of all populations based on analysis of yield GCA. The comprehensive analysis of genetic diversity parameters showed that all synthetic maize populations had a broad genetic diversity, and the 06P1, 06P4, 06P5 and GP-5 had a more broad genetic diversity than other populations, and there is not a connection between genetic diversity and yield GCA of population. Comparison with the results of small populations and large population showed that it can get a population which whit a high yield GCA and wealth of genetic diversity through choosing a certain number of parents on the basis of suitable heterotic groups.

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