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鸢尾属12种（变种）植物花粉形态及其系统学意义

ISSN号：0513-353X
期刊名称：《园艺学报》
时间：0
分类：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺;农业科学—园艺学]
作者机构：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川温江611130, [2]四川农业大学园林研究所,四川温江611130, [3]西南作物基因资源与遗传改良教育部重点实验室,四川雅安625014
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（30670150 30870154）; 长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目（IRT0453）衷心感谢中国科学院昆明植物研究所沈云光老师提供扇形鸢尾的花粉材料和热情帮助.

作者：余小芳[1,2], 张海琴[1,3], 何雪梅[1], 谢全[1], 周永红[1,3]

关键词：鸢尾属, 花粉, 亲缘关系, 系统演化, Iris, pollen morphology, relationship, systematic signification

中文摘要：

对鸢尾属12份材料的花粉形态进行了扫描电子显微镜观察。结果显示：（1）白花马蔺和马蔺花粉大小相似,形状、萌发孔、外壁纹饰和网脊形态相同,网脊宽度不同;（2）四川鸢尾、薄叶鸢尾和锐果鸢尾的花粉形状、外壁纹饰和网脊形态相同,均无明显萌发孔,锐果鸢尾花粉较小,表明这3个物种的亲缘关系较近;（3）蝴蝶花和扁竹兰花粉大小基本相同,前者形状为扁球形,后者为近球形;萌发器官、表面纹饰和网脊形态相同,网眼内无颗粒,表明这两物种亲缘关系较近;（4）扇形鸢尾与蝴蝶花和扁竹兰二者相比,在花粉粒大小,表面纹饰均上均有较大差异,表明扇形鸢尾与蝴蝶花和扁竹兰的亲缘关系较远。讨论了鸢尾属5个亚属的花粉形态特征及演化趋势。

英文摘要：

Pollen morphology of 12 species in Iris was investigated under scanning electron microscope in this study.The results showed that：（1）Except the width of spine,the shape and size of pollen grains,shape of aperture,extine sculpture of I.lactea and I.lactea var.chinensis were similar;（2） The shape of pollen grains,extine sculpture and width of spine of I.leptophylla,I.sichuanensis and I.goniocarpa were highly approximate and no aperture was found among the three species.The pollen grain of I.goniocarpa was smaller than those of I.leptophylla and I.sichuanensis;（3）Pollen of I.japonica and I.confusa had similar size and shape,and no grains existed in the meshes of these two species.The shape of pollen grains in I.japonica was suboblate while that in I.confusa was subspheroidal;（4）I.wattii was distinctly different from I.japonica and I.confusa in pollen size and exine ornamentation,suggesting that I.wattii had relatively distant relationship with I.japonica and I.confusa.