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中文摘要：
通过对‘2004-6-12’（魏可实生）、‘2004-2-30’（巨峰实生）及魏可（对照）葡萄花器官特征、花粉萌发率、花粉粒形态、成熟花粉粒内部结构以及花药、小孢子发育过程细胞学特征的观察,研究了葡萄雄性不育的特性。结果表明,‘2004-6-12’和‘2004-2-30’的花粉无生活力,花粉粒P/E值分别为（1.13±0.05）和（1.12±0.04）,均为近球形,且无发芽孔和发芽沟;花粉粒横切面边缘光滑,外壁纹饰分别为网状和穴状。魏可（对照）花粉粒极轴值与赤道轴值之比（P/E值）（2.11±0.08）,为长球形,萌发沟为三孔沟型,外壁纹饰为孔穴状。‘2004-6-12’和‘2004-2-30’小孢子败育主要发生在单核早期,但‘2004-6-12’在小孢子母细胞减数分裂期就表现出部分异常,表明2者的小孢子败育可能与绒毡层提前解体有关。
英文摘要：
Male sterility of grape cultivars ‘2004-6-12’（Wink seedling）,‘2004-2-30’（Kyoho seedling）and Wink（CK） and their anther features were examined. The pollen viability, pollen shape and interior structure were investigated as well. The results indicated that the pollen viability of ‘2004-6-12’and ‘2004-2-30’were 0. The pollen grain characteristics differed in ornamentation, especially in type of germinal aperture and shape. The pollen grains of ‘2004-6-12’ and ‘2004-2-30’ did not have any germinal furrow and were approximately spheroidal （‘2004-6-12’： P/E=1.13±0.05,‘2004-2-30’： P/E=1.12±0.04）,while that of Wink was tricolporate and prolate spheroidal （P/E=2.11±0.08）. The edges of pollen grain cross-section in both ‘2004-6-12’and‘2004-2-30’were glazed. The pollen ornamentation of Wink was foveolate, but that of ‘2004-6-12’ and ‘2004-2-30’were reticulate and cavernous, respectively. The cytological features of anther and microspore development in ‘2004-6-12’, ‘2004-2-30’ and Wink were examined by a light microscope. The microspores of ‘2004-6-12’and‘2004-2-30’mostly disintegrated at the early mononuclear microspore stage; the anther of ‘2004-6-12’ partly began to be abnormal at the meiosis stage, but the anther of ‘2004-2-30’was normal before the early mononuclear microspores stage. The disintegration of microspores of ‘2004-6-12’and‘2004-2-30’were correlated with the earlier disintegration of tapetum.
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