中文摘要：

综述了开关型表面活性剂的性能及应用现状。其中电化学开关表面活性剂主要介绍了二茂铁类，同时还包括吡嗪类和二硫基类；光开关型表面活性剂主要介绍了偶氮苯基和苯乙烯基表面活性剂；酸碱开关表面活性剂介绍了AM1，AFD4和PLLA／PEG—PSD；CO2开关表面活性剂主要介绍了长链烷基脒的乳化性能及其在乳液聚合中的应用；同时介绍了NIPAM—co—PEGMa，亚胺类温度开关表面活性剂。展望了开关型表面活性剂的应用领域和发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Current situation with respect to performance and applications of switchable surfactants were summarized. Ferrocenyl surfactants were mainly presented as the electrochemical redox -switchable type surfactants,while pyrazine category surfactants and disulfide category surfactants were also briefed. The major types of photosensitive surfactants were azobenzene type surfactants and stilbene type surfactants. AM1, AFD4 and PLLA/PEG - PSD were introduced as pH - sensitive type surfactants. The emulsification performance of long-chain alkyl amidine compounds as well as their applications in emulsification polymerization was introduced as the function of CO2 - triggered surfactants. NIPAM - co - PEGMa and imine compounds were introduced as temperature - responsive switchable surfactants. Application fields and development trends of switchable surfactants were prospected.