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中文摘要：
目的：对母婴同室新生儿医院感染呼吸道病原菌分布的调查及其耐药性的探究。方法：选取重庆市万州区妇幼保健院自2012年1月-2014年12月产科分娩的母婴同室区新生儿发生医院感染352人,其中对呼吸道感染的88例新生儿,进行了痰标本培养,经过收集培养的患儿菌株样本通过ATB鉴定及药敏测试系统进行测定。结果：共检出45株病原菌,其中革兰氏阴性菌为28株,占62.22%,主要是肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠埃希菌;革兰氏阳性球菌为16株,占35.56%,主要是金黄色葡萄球菌,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌;真菌为1株,占2.22%。药敏测试中肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、头孢呋辛药品中有较高耐药性;葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对青霉素、苯唑西林、红霉素、头孢西丁药品中有较高耐药性。革兰氏阴性杆菌对头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美洛培南、亚胺培南等较为敏感,革兰氏阳性杆菌对万古霉素、环丙沙星等较为敏感。结论：革兰氏阴性菌是母婴同室区新生儿呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,要根据耐药测试的具体结果合理选择达到最佳治疗效果。
英文摘要：
Objective To explore rooming neonatal hospital infection respiratory pathogens distribution and drug resistance of inquiry investigation. Methods Wanzhou District of Chongqing Municipality from 2012 MCH 1 Month- December 2014 obstetric delivery of rooming district hospital neonatal infection 352 people, including 88 cases of neonatal respiratory tract infection, sputum samples were cultured After the children were cultured isolates collected samples measured by ATB identification and susceptibility testing system. Results 45 pathogenic bacteria were detected, including Gram-negative bacteria were 28, accounting for 62.22 %, mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli; gram-positive cocci 16, accounting for 35.56 %, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci; fungus is one, accounting for 2.22 %. Susceptibility testing of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli to ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime drugs have a higher resistance; aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci to penicillin, oxacillin, red neomycin, cefoxitin drugs have a higher resistance. Gram-negative bacilli cefepime, cefoperazone / sulbactam, meropenem, imipenem and other more sensitive gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and other more sensitive. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of newborn rooming respiratory tract infection, a reasonable choice to achieve the best therapeutic effect depending on the results of drug tests.
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