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中文摘要：
目的对基本药物制度影响居民首诊取向的政策效果进行分析。方法将研究对象按照是否实施基本药物制度分为处理组和控制组，通过建立双重差分模型，估计政策前后居民首诊取向的变化情况。结果政策净效应为6．15％，其中户主户口类型与人均年收入有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论基本药物制度促进了居民首诊选择基层医疗机构，基本药物制度的顶层设计仍需优化，城乡卫生资源配置效率与公平尚需改善，乡村两级医疗机构在首诊制建设中的职责与分工需要进一步明确。
英文摘要：
Objective To analyze the policy effect of first contact care options of residents under the essential medicine system. Methods The samples were divided into a treatment group and a control group depending whether the policy is implemented. Difference-in-differences model was used to estimate the changes in the First Contact Care choice of residents before and after the implementation. Results The net effect of policy is 6.15%, in which the resident category of the household head and per capita income were statistically significant. Conclusion Though the system promotes the first contact of residents for primary institutions, top-level design of the system calls for optimization, efficiency and equity of the health resource allocation of urban and rural health need to be improved,and the division of responsibilities of the two-level medical institutions needs to be clarified in first contact care system.
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