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中文摘要：
经典的报童（Newsboy）库存问题是在单周期内、商品在需求量为随机状态下、寻找一种商品订购数量，使系统的预期总费用得到最小。本文主要研究三种商品的相互替换问题：首先，我们建立三种商品相互替换的模型，根据实际的库存与缺货状况，将其分为八种情况，并求出这八种情况下库存与缺货的费用，得到整个过程的总费用；最后，结合应用实例给出最优的数值解。
英文摘要：
The classical newsboy inventory problem is to find a product order quantity that minimizes expected total expense in a single cycle while the demand is random. In this paper, we mainly study the substitute of three commodities. First, we establish a model in which three kinds of commodities mutually substitute, Secondly, according to the inventory and the lack, we can divide them into eight kinds of situations, derive the expense of the inventory and the lack in these eight kinds of situations, and obtain the total expense. Finally, we give the value computation combined with examples.
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