中文摘要：

该研究选取30名3岁儿童作为研究对象,采用情境观察的方法检测儿童努力控制和母亲教养方式的水平,采用问卷法检测儿童外显问题行为水平,并使用方差分析和回归分析的方法对儿童努力控制、母亲教养方式与儿童外显问题行为之间的关系进行探讨。结果表明：（1）儿童的努力控制和外显问题行为呈显著负相关;（2）教养方式中的消极控制和儿童的外显问题行为呈显著正相关;教养方式中的积极控制和儿童的活跃过度问题行为呈显著负相关;（3）努力控制和家庭教养方式中的积极控制交互作用影响儿童外显问题行为———对于高努力控制水平的儿童,家长干涉过多反而会增加儿童发展出外显问题行为的可能性。

英文摘要：

This study selected 30 3 year-old-children as object and the research methods refer to situation of observation and questionnaire. With the equation and regression method , the relations of children＇s ef- fortful control, mother parenting and children＇s externalizing problems were discussed. The results of this study show that.. （1） children＇s effortful control is significantly negatively related to the externalizing problems~ （2） the negative control of parenting is significantly positively related to children＇s externalizing problems and the positive control of parenting is significantly negatively related to children＇s hyperactivi- ty; （3） children＇s effortful control and the positive control of mother parenting affect children＇s external- izing problems in interaction, that is, to the children with a high level of effortful control＇, parents over- much interference actually increases the possibility of the development of externalizing problems.