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中文摘要：
针对麻花钻加工大长径比锭脚中孔时钻头易走偏、排屑困难、粗糙度大等问题，设计了一种流体排屑机床及自导向钻头。该专用机床配有高压油泵、液体输送管道及排屑器，加工过程中可自动排屑。自导向钻头为单边刃结构，具有自导向功能；钻头设有油孔，所通入的高压切削液冷却、润滑钻头切削刃，并通过钻头外部前后贯通的V形槽排出铁屑。自导向钻头的特殊结构，有效避免了钻头的走偏，保证了锭脚中孔与外圆的同轴度，并使孔的粗糙度由3．2μm以上降低到1．6μm。该流体排屑机床及自导向钻头克服了普通机床和麻花钻加工锭脚中孔长期以来所存在的质量缺陷，提高了生产效率，适用于纺织机械生产单位大批量、专业化加工锭脚中孔。
英文摘要：
The work presented in this paper focuses on the design of a special machine tool and a drill for processing the bolster hole. Overcoming the poor quality of bolster hole due to the manufacture by ordinary machine and twist drill, a special machine is equipped with a high-pressure pump, oil feed pipes and chip removal device. The special single cutting edge drill designed with sided blades can guide itself and avoid the deviation of the hole axis effectively, which ensures the concentricity of external cylinder and hole of the bolster. The oil with high pressure goes through the hole in the special drill to cool and lubricate the drill cutting edge, and carries away chips through the V- shaped groove in the outside of the special drill. Guiding block in the drill helps to reduce the roughness of the hole greatly. The results of the practice indicate that the quality of the hole is raised and the efficiency of production is improved when the special machine tool and drill are used to process the bolster hole.
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