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中文摘要：
为探明卵期受短时高温暴露对Q型烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci Q-biotype）存活、繁殖和后代适合度的影响,以适温（26℃）处理为对照,研究Q型烟粉虱卵在不同高温（37、39、41℃）条件下分别暴露1 h、2 h和4 h后转至适温饲养,其F0代的存活率、羽化率、雌成虫比例、寿命和产卵量及F1代的发育历期和雌成虫比例.结果表明：1）随着暴露温度升高和暴露时间延长,F0代Q型烟粉虱由卵发育至成虫的存活率和蛹羽化率均显著降低,41℃暴露2 h后的存活率和蛹羽化率最低,分别为49.1%和76.2%,显著低于未经高温暴露的对照（分别为83.4%和96.6%）;2）卵期于41℃暴露1 h后其F0代雌成虫比例（61.0%）显著高于对照（52.0%）,其他各处理与对照差异不显著;3）卵期高温暴露对F0代雌成虫寿命无显著影响,但单雌产卵量均显著低于对照（117.9粒）,并随暴露温度升高呈降低趋势;4）F0代卵期在39℃暴露2 h、4 h和41℃暴露1~4 h后,F1代卵到成虫历期均较对照显著延长;5）与对照相比,F0代卵期分别在37℃暴露1~4 h、39℃暴露1~2 h或41℃暴露4 h,还可显著提高F1代雌成虫比例.可见,短时高温暴露可降低Q型烟粉虱的发育适合度,导致F0代存活率降低、产卵量下降和F1代发育历期延长,但一定程度上提高F1代雌成虫比例,从而对种群发展产生一定的代偿作用.表5参20
英文摘要：
In order to evaluate the thermal adaptation of Bemisia tabaci（whitefly） Q-biotype at egg stage,the survival of eggs,fecundity and offspring fitness of B.tabaci after heat shock at 37 ℃,39 ℃ and 41 ℃ for 1 h,2 h and 4 h,respectively,were compared with the untreated control at constant 26 ℃.The results showed that： 1） The survival from egg to adult and pupal eclosion rate of F0 generation of B.tabaci decreased as heat shock temperature increased and heat shock duration extended.After heat shock at 41 ℃ for 2 h,the survival and eclosion rate was 49.0% and 76.2%,respectively,which were the lowest among the heat shock treatments and were significantly lower than those（83.4% and 96.6%） of the control.2） After heat shock at 41 ℃ for 1 h at egg stage,the percentage of female adults（61.0%） was significantly higher than that（52.0%） of the control.No significant differences were between the other heat shock treatments and the control.3） The adult female longevity wasn＇t affected by the heat shock treatments at egg stage,but the female fecundity was significantly lower than that（117.9 eggs per female） of the control.and decreased as heat-shock temperature increased.4） After exposure at 39 ℃ for 2 h,4 h and 41 ℃ for 1 h,2 h and 4 h at F0 generation egg stage,respectively,the developmental period from egg to adult at F1 generation was all significantly prolonged compared with the control.5） After exposure at 37 ℃ for 1 h,2 h and 4 h,39 ℃ for 1 h and 2 h,and 41 ℃ for 4 h at F0 generation egg stage,respectively,significantly more females emerged at F1 generation compared with the control.The results indicated that after short-term exposure to high temperature at egg stage,the development fitness,survival and fecundity of B.tabaci Q-biotype at F0 generation deceased and the developmental period at F1 generation prolonged,while the female percentage at F1 generation increased,which might be a compensation effect to the population development to some extent.Tab 5,Ref 20
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