中文摘要：

适应性免疫一直被认为是脊椎动物特有的免疫机制，然而近年来许多研究表明，无脊椎动物体内也存在许多在结构或功能上与脊椎动物适应性免疫分子类似的免疫成分．免疫球蛋白超家族是适应性免疫的重要组成部分，本文主要综述近年来关于水生无脊椎动物中肌联蛋白、唐氏综合症细胞黏着分子、特异性凝集素、几丁质结合蛋白和185／133基因家族以及含有V和C结构域的蛋白等免疫球蛋白超家族成员研究进展，这有助于深入理解无脊椎动物的免疫系统并揭示脊椎动物适应性免疫起源与进化．

英文摘要：

Adaptive immunity has been recognized as the unique immune mechanism in vertebrates. However, many research showed that some immune factors in invertebrates are homologous to that of the adaptive immune system of vertebrates in structure or function. Ig-superfamily members are the important component of adaptive immunity. This paper reviewed the Ig-superfamily in aquatic invertebrates including the connectin, down syndrome cell adhesion molecule （DSCAM）, specific lectin, V region-containing chitin binding protein （VCBP）, 185/133 gene, V and C domain bearing protein and others. This could be helpful to further understand the immune system of invertebrate and reveal the origin and evolution of the adaptive immunity system.