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中文摘要：
从认知的角度看,现代汉语基本句的理想化认知模型是“施事＋动作＋受事/结果”,凡是违背这一语序的在语法上就体现为种种有标记的句式。在充当主宾语的语义角色优先序列中,施事作宾语是最不典型的,因此施事宾语句应该是最特殊的,但在现代汉语中这种句式并不少见。从类型学上看,汉语不用格标记参项,语序是最重要的语法手段之一,施事置于宾语位置一定有语用动因。本文从信息结构的角度对汉语语序的安排做了相应的解释。我们认为汉语这种以“话题—说明”为框架的语言必须走“句法—语义—语用”结合的路子才能对特殊语法现象做出合理的解释。
英文摘要：
From the perspective of cognition, the idealized cognitive model of modern Chinese sentences is＂ S（agent） ＋ V（act） ＋ O（patient/result） ＂. Those which contradict this order turn out to be marked sentences in the grammar. According to the semantic role priority, the patient as the object is the most typical and the agentive object is not typical. Therefore in many marked sentences, agentive object constructions should be the most special. However, this sentence type is not rare in Mandarin Chinese. From the typological perspective, in Chinese with no case marking parameters, word order is one of the most important grammatical means. So this paper looks for the reasons of agentive object constructions from the perspective of pragmatics. This paper proposes that Chinese word order arrangement has some connections with special information structure. Chinese uses ＂topic-comment＂ as the framework,so we have to inspect it from a syntactic-semantic-pragmatic standpoint to make a reasonable explanation for the special grammar phenomena.
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