中文摘要：

空间参照框架是个体表征空间方位的方式,按照表征中心的不同分为自我中心和环境中心两种参照框架。长期对某一参照框架的持续激活可以形成对该空间参照框架的偏好,不仅会影响个体的神经元结构,还会对认知机能产生重要影响。偏好环境中心参照框架会增加海马及其附近脑区的灰质,而偏好自我中心参照框架会增加尾状核的灰质。海马灰质体积增大会增强正常人的空间记忆能力。持续激活环境中心参照框架的个体会增加海马灰质体积,从而降低患老年痴呆的风险。未来研究应关注,地域差异、城乡差异等环境差异在空间参照框架与认知机能关系中的影响机制,并进一步收集空间参照框架训练在老年痴呆病人中干预效果的实证证据。

英文摘要：

Spatial cognitive is based on spatial reference frames. The spatial reference frame is the means of representing the spatial location of entities in space, and can be divided into egocentric reference frame and allocentric reference frame. Long-term continuous activation of a certain reference frame form the preference of this spatial reference frame, and can affect not only the individual neuron structure, but also the cognitive function, such as attention, orientation and memory. The preference for egocentric reference frame can increases the gray matter in the hippocampus and nearby regions, while the preference for allocentric reference frame can increase the gray matter of the caudate nuclei. The increase of gray matter in the hippocampus will enhance spatial memory. Constant activation of egocentric reference frame can increase the gray matter in the hippocampus, thus reducing the risk of Alzheimer＇s. Future research should focus on the influences of regional and rural-urban environmental differences on the relationship between the spatial reference frame and cognitive function. Also, further collection of empirical evidences for the intervention effects of space reference frame training on Alzheimer＇s patients is recommended.