中文摘要：

目的研究麻杏甘石汤主要成分麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷、甘草酸、硫酸钙舒张豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的量效关系。方法采用离体气管环实验，累积给药法测定磷酸组胺收缩豚鼠离体气管环量效关系。选择磷酸组胺20μmol·L^-1作为收缩刺激浓度，观察不同浓度盐酸麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷、甘草酸、硫酸钙对磷酸组胺所致气管环的收缩抑制作用，以Graphpadprism5．0量效拟合软件，以Log[给药浓度]-舒张百分率拟合量效曲线，计算其半数有效浓度（EC如）。结果磷酸组胺在5×10-7～1×104mol·L-1可引起气管平滑肌呈剂量依赖性收缩，其亲和力指数（PD：）=5．27；盐酸麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷、甘草酸在一定的浓度范围内均能引起气管张力的显著降低，且呈浓度依赖性；盐酸麻黄碱EC50为1．33×10μmol·L^-1，苦杏仁苷EC50为2．48×10-4mol·L-1，甘草酸EC50为1．61×10μmol·L^-1，硫酸钙对气管环张力无明显影响。结论麻黄碱、苦杏仁苷、甘草酸有明显解痉作用，量效关系明显，硫酸钙作用不明显，无明显量效关系；其舒张豚鼠离体气管作用强度依次为：麻黄碱〉甘草酸〉苦杏仁苷〉硫酸钙。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the dose-dependent effect of ephedrine hydrochloride, amygdalin, glycyrrhizic acid, calcium sulfate, the four main components, of Ma Xing Shi Gan decoction, on the isolated tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs. Methods The isolated tracheal ring test and accumulative dose method were adopted for the study of dose-response relationship in isolated tracheal ring treated with histamine. The stimulated concentration of histamine phosphate was set at 20 μmol·L^-1, and then the inhibitory effects of the four components at various concentrations on the contraction of tracheal ring were observed. By using Graphpad prism 5.0 software was used and the EC5o was calculated on the basis of the dose-effect curve. Results Histamine phosphate at 5 × 10-7 - 1 × 10-4 tool·L^-1 induced the contraction of tracheal ring in dose-dependent manner, and the PD2 of histamine was 5.27. Ephedrine hydroehloride, amygdalin, and glycyrrhizic acid could cause significant dose-dependent reduction of tracheal tension in certain concentration range. The ECso was 1.33 × 10-4 mol·L^-1 for ephedrine hydroehloride, 2.48 × 10-4 mol·L^-1for amygdalin, and 1.61 × 10-5 mol·L^-1 for glycyrrhizie acid. Calcium sulfate had no significant effect on the tension of specimens. Conclusion The histamine-induced contraction of guinea pig isolated trachea smooth muscle could beinhibited by ephedrine hydrochloride, amygdalin, glycyrrhizic acid in concentration-dependent manner. But the calcium sulfate did not show the significant dose-response relationship. The effect of the main active ingredient in decreasing sequence is as follows ： ephedrine hydrochloride 〉 glycyrrhizic acid 〉 amygdalin 〉 calcium sulfate.