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中文摘要：
提出一种简便的残余应力检测方法，利用数字相关技术检测裂纹扩展过程中试样表面的变形（COD），应用断裂力学理论计算出残余应力分布．通过梁弯曲对试验结果作了验证并与应变测量结果进行了对比，残余应力的检测结果与理论值标准差为1．28MPa．对淬火和焊接残余应力分别作了检测．实际应用表明所提出检测方法具有准确、高效和使用简便的特点．
英文摘要：
A simple method for measuring residual stresses in a plate is described. In this method residual stresses were evaluated using a fracture mechanics approach, that is, the crack opening displacements（COD） measured by digital speckle correlation method （DSCM） at a point on the edge of a plate as a rack was introduced and extend from the edge were used to deduce the state of stresses that existed in uncracked plate. A bent beam, with a known stress profile, was used to validate the method and the results were well consistent with the result from FEM with 1.28 MPa deflection, which were show and compared favorably with the crack compliance method using strain gauge. The residual stresses existing in plate after quenching and welding processes were detected, respectively. The method was shown to be effective and easy-performing for the measurement of two-dimensional residual stress distribution.
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