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出生缺陷知识与文化和经济的关系

ISSN号：1001-4411
期刊名称：《中国妇幼保健》
时间：0
分类：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学;医药卫生—卫生事业管理;医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]
作者机构：[1]广东省深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院,518172
相关基金：深圳市龙岗区科学技术局立项项目[YL-2009023]

关键词：出生缺陷知识, 文化, 经济, Knowledge of birth defects , Culture , Economy

中文摘要：

目的：了解孕妇对预防出生缺陷的知识、态度、行为情况，为进一步完善婚前保健、孕前保健及围产期保健服务提出合理化建议，提高出生人口素质。方法：采用分层抽样和随机抽样的方法，抽取深圳市龙岗区三个街道的90例孕期妇女作为调查对象，利用自行设计的调查表，进行面对面问卷调查，了解孕期妇女出生缺陷的知信行（KAP）情况。结果：文化层次高的孕妇，夫妇双方婚前医学检查率明显高于文化水平低者，差异有统计学意义（X^2=6．7717，P〈0．05）；文化程度越高的孕妇对孕期保健、预防出生缺陷知识掌握得越多。对孕期“保持良好心情”的知晓率以月收入4000—7000元组最高（95．00％），月收入7000元以上组的知晓率最低（61．54％）；在孕期“注意少接触农药／油漆”及“注意少接触猫狗等”行为方面也有不同，家庭人均月收入越高的孕妇对上述行为的重视程度越高。结论：文化程度与家庭经济状况是孕期妇女掌握出生缺陷相关知识的影响因素。

英文摘要：

Objective： To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） of pregnant women to prevention of birth defects, put forward reasonable suggestions for further perfecting premarital health care, prenatal health care, and perinatal heath care services, improve the quality of birth population. Methods： Stratified random sampling method was used to select 90 pregnant women from three streets of Longgang district as respondents, a self - designed questionnaire was adopted to survey the respondents face - to - face, KAP conditions of the pregnant women to birth defects were understood. Results： The rate of premarital examination in couples with the pregnant women having high educational level was statistically significantly higher than that in couples with the pregnant women having low educational level （X2 = 6. 771 7, P 〈0. 05） ; the higher the educational level of pregnant women was, the higher the grasping degree of pregnant women to knowl： edge of gestational health care and prevention of birth defects was. The awareness rata of ＂maintaining good mood＂ during gestational period in the pregnant women with monthly income 4 000 -7 000 Yuan was the highest （95.00%）, while the awareness rate in the pregnant women with monthly income more than 7 000 Yuan was the lowest （61.54%） . The behaviors of ＂paying attention to limiting to exposure to pesti- cides and/or paint＂ and ＂paying attention to limiting to exposure to cats and/dogs＂ during gestational period varied, the pregnant women with high per capita monthly family income paid more attention to the above - mentioned behaviors. Conclusion： Educational level and family economic status are the influencing factors of grasping degree of related knowledge of birth defects in pregnant women.

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