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中文摘要：
基于草地面积,群落组成、群落特征、生物多样性及牲畜数量分析呼伦贝尔谢尔塔拉牧场草地资源及载畜状况,并对高度、密度、盖度、生物量以及载畜状况年际变化进行了监测研究。结果表明：植物群落主要由禾本科、豆科、菊科、百合科、毛茛科、蔷薇科、莎草科等植物组成。A区（羊草＋杂类草草甸草原）割草地禾本科、豆科、百合科、毛茛科、蔷薇科、莎草科所占比例均高于放牧场;在植物群落中多年生草本占绝对优势,多年生草本所占比例、群落高度、生物量割草地均高于放牧地;不同群落Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener指数割草地均高于放牧地,Pielou指数在A、B区（贝加尔针茅草甸草原）割草地显著高于放牧地;2008年、2009年谢尔塔拉牧场A区、B区、C区（羊草＋中生性杂类草草甸草原）暖季放牧地和冷季割草地及全年合理载畜量均呈现出超载现象,A区暖季放牧地超载严重,年度间相比,2009年A、C区全年超载率有所缓解,B区牲畜全年超载率仍呈增加趋势。
英文摘要：
Analysis of grassland resources and livestock carrying situation in Xieertala Ranch of Hulunbeir facilitated drawing the following conclusions.①Plant communities were composed of the Gramineae,Leguminosae,Compositae,Liliaceae,Ranunculaceae,Rosaceae,Cyperaceae and other plant composition.the percentage of Gramineae,Leguminosae,Liliaceae,Ranunculaceae,Rosaceae,and Cyperaceae in mowing area of A（Chinensis ＋ forbs meadow） are better than grazing area.Perennial herbaceous communities are dominated by grazing and mowing grassland,and Perennial herb,community height and biomass of A,B（Stipa baicalensis meadow steppe）,C（Chinensis ＋ endogenous forbs in meadow steppe）plot in the mowing area are higher than those in grazing area.③Margalef richness index,Shannon-wiener index of different communities in mowing area are higher than those in grazing area,Pielou index of A,B plot in mowing area was significantly higher than that in grazing area.④In not considering the case of supplementary feeding,Warm-season grazing area and cool-season mowing area of Xieertala grassland generally show overload phenomenon,there are seasonal and annual livestock imbalance problem,warm season grazing areas in A plot is severe overloading.Compared with 2008,Overloading rates throughout the year in A,C plot are relieving,But,that in B plot overloading rate of livestock is still on an upward trend throughout the year in 2009.
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