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放牧强度对草甸植物小叶章及土壤化学计量比的影响

ISSN号：1004-5759
期刊名称：《草业学报》
时间：0
分类：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学;农业科学—畜牧学;农业科学—畜牧兽医] S154.2[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030, [2]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030
相关基金：公益性行业（农业）科研专项“不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置”（200903060）资助.

作者：张婷[1], 翁月[1], 姚凤娇, 史印涛[2], 崔国文[2], 胡国富[2]

关键词：三江平原, 小叶章草甸, 放牧强度, 化学计量比, Sanjiang Plain, Deyeuxia angustifolia meadow, grazing intensity, ecological stoichiometry

中文摘要：

本试验在不同放牧强度下，通过分析东北三江平原小叶章草甸的优势植物和土壤的碳氮磷养分及化学计量比，探讨放牧对生态系统化学计量学特征和养分循环速率的影响机制。试验结果表明，１）随着放牧强度的增加，小叶章活体与立枯物的全氮、全磷含量也随之增加，放牧使小叶章叶的全氮含量明显增加，而茎的变化不显著；０～１０ｃｍ土层根系的全碳、全氮、全磷变化比１０～２０ｃｍ的更敏感；放牧降低了土壤全碳的含量，土壤表层的全氮含量随放牧强度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势，且以重牧区为最小。２）在６－８月份小叶章全株及叶的Ｃ／Ｎ值随着放牧强度的增加先降低后升高，且在中牧区降为最小值，茎的Ｃ／Ｎ值受放牧的影响变化规律不明显，只有在８月份中牧区表现为最小值；３）放牧主要影响土壤表层的理化性状以及所含根系的元素含量，７－９月份随着放牧强度的增加，０～１０ｃｍ土壤的Ｃ／Ｎ值降低；７，８月份０～１０ｃｍ土层根系的的Ｃ／Ｎ值随着放牧强度的增加先降低后升高，且在中牧区为最小值，而Ｎ／Ｐ值却在中牧区为最大值。

英文摘要：

The role of grazing on the stoichiometry traits of soil and plants in Deyeuxia angustifolia meadows of the northeast Sanjiang Plain were studied under different grazing intensities. We determined the C, N, and P contents and the C/N ratios of plant and soil to explore how grazing affects the stoichiometry traits and nutrient cycling rates in an ecosystem. 1） With an increase of grazing intensity, the N and P contents of ground-living and standing litter was increased. The N content of leaves increased with grazing while the stem changes were not obvious. The change of C, N, and P contents of roots in the 0--10 cm soil layer was more sensitive than that in the 10--20 cm soil layer. Grazing reduced the content of total soil carbon while the TN （total N） con- tent of the soil surface initially increased hut then decreased with an increase of grazing intensity, and the mini- mum value was in heavy grazing. 2） With an increase of grazing intensity, the C/N ratio of the entire plant and the leaves were initially increased but then decreased in June to August, and the smallest value was in moderate grazing, the change of C/N ratio of stems was not obvious, but was smallest in August. 3） Grazing mainly im- pacted the physical and chemical properties of the surface soil and the roots in it. The C/N ratio was reduced in the 0-- 10 cm soil layer with an increase of grazing intensity in July to September. The C/N ratio of roots in the 0--10 cm was initially reduced but then increased with an increase of grazing intensity in July and August： moderate grazing had the smallest value, while the N/P ratio had the maximum value.

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