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中文摘要：
由于超载过牧以及草地自身对外界环境变化的敏感性,导致中国出现大面积退化草地。究其驱动力因子,草-畜之间的平衡关系首当其要,在可持续发展前提下,仅仅根据牧草生产力架构下的草畜平衡关系管理放牧系统是不准确,也是不全面的,科学的低排放放牧系统还需要兼顾＂地下生物量＂和＂土壤侵蚀＂状况。为此本文提出：适宜的放牧率=min（理论载畜量,以地下生物量最大化为准则确定的适宜放牧率,以土壤侵蚀最小化为目标确定的最适放牧率）,在环县典型草原的研究实践表明在牧草生长期降水量为224.9mm时,最适宜的放牧强度为3.8羊单位/hm2。
英文摘要：
There are a large number of degraded grasslands in China due to overgrazing and grassland＇s own sensitivity to environmental changes.The grassland-livestock balance is the most important factor causing grassland degradation.For sustainable development,it is insufficient to manage grazing systems solely within the framework of pasture productivity.Scientific grazing systems with low emission should take into account strategies that livestock carrying capacity depends on both maximum underground plant biomass and minimum soil erosion.Therefore this paper proposes： The most suitable grazing intensity calculated by integrated method can be denoted as min（a theoretical livestock capacity,the suitable grazing intensity should take maximizing underground plant biomass and minimizing soil erosion as a target）.It is concluded that in typical grassland of Huanxian,the optimum stocking rate should be 3.8 sheep units/hm2 when the precipitation is 224.9 mm.
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