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施磷对不同收获时期青贮玉米碳水化合物积累的影响

ISSN号：1004-5759
期刊名称：《草业学报》
时间：0
分类：S513.06[农业科学—作物学] S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学;农业科学—畜牧学;农业科学—畜牧兽医]
作者机构：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030
相关基金：公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费（200903060）; 农业科技跨越计划专项资金（2009跨29）资助

关键词：青贮玉米, 碳水化合物, 磷肥, 收获时期, silage Zea mays, carbohydrate, phosphate, harvest date

中文摘要：

为探讨磷肥对不同收获时期青贮玉米中碳水化合物积累的影响,试验以青贮玉米品种东青1号（Zea maysDongqing No.1）为材料,设4个不同施磷水平,其P2O5施用量分别为P0（不施P2O5,CK）、P1（施P2O550kg/hm2）、P2（施P2O5100 kg/hm2）和P3（施P2O5150 kg/hm2）水平,分别于乳熟初期（8月21日）、乳熟中期（8月28日）、乳熟末期（9月4日）、蜡熟初期（9月10日）、蜡熟中期（9月15日）和蜡熟末期（9月20日）收割取样,测定磷肥（P2O5）对碳水化合物含量的影响。结果显示,在乳熟初期至蜡熟末期,各施磷水平间果糖和可溶性总糖含量均表现为P2〉P3〉P1〉P0,淀粉含量表现为P2〉P1〉P3〉P0,且各施磷水平间差异显著（P〈0.05）。随着施磷量的增加,各水平蔗糖含量显著增加,P2和P3水平间差异不显著,但均显著高于其他水平（P〈0.05）;P0水平NDF和ADF含量最高,P2水平最低,且显著低于其他水平（P〈0.05）。施磷（P2O5）可显著提高青贮玉米中果糖、蔗糖、可溶性总糖和淀粉含量（P〈0.05）,降低NDF和ADF含量（P〈0.05）,其中以施磷（P2O5）100 kg/hm2并于蜡熟初期收获时,东青1号青贮玉米的可溶性总糖含量最高,NDF和ADF含量最低,是较适宜的栽培利用方式。

英文摘要：

The concentration of water soluble carbohydrates（WSC） is a main determinant of ensiling potential of forages and aerobic stability of silages.Trials were carried out to define the effect of different phosphate applications on carbohydrate accumulation of Zea mays silage in different harvest periods.The experiment used Dongqing No.1 to study the effects of four phosphate fertilizer（P2O5） levels（0,50,100,150 kg/ha） on carbohydrate content of the silage during the initial milk stage（21 August）,milk stage metaphase（28 August）,milk stage telophase（4 September）,initial dough stage（10 September）,dough stage metaphase（15 September） and late dough stage metaphase（20 September）.From the initial milk stage to dough stage metaphase,fructose and total soluble sugar contents were in the sequence P2P3P1P0,while starch content was P2P1P3P0.The various phosphate levels were significantly different（P0.05）;Sucrose content increased significantly with higher phosphate levels,but was not significantly different between P2 and P3 which were significantly higher than the other levels（P0.05）.In different phosphate levels,NDF and ADF contents of P0 were the highest while P2 was the lowest and was significantly lower than those in the other treatments（P0.05）.Consequently phosphate significantly enhances fructose,sucrose,total soluble sugar and starch contents,but reduces NDF and ADF contents in Z.mays silage at different harvest periods（P0.05）.In summary,applying phosphate（P2O5） 100 kg/ha and harvesting at the initial dough stage resulted in the highest content of total soluble sugars and the lowest content of NDF and ADF of Z.mays silage and are the most suitable cultivation practices for Dongqing No.1.

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