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玉树高寒草甸不同利用方式下土壤微生物的特征

ISSN号：1007-0435
期刊名称：《草地学报》
时间：0
分类：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020, [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193
相关基金：国家科技支撑计划（2012BAC01802-1）;国家农业行业公益科技项目（200903060）;青年科学基金（31302023）资助

作者：马红梅[1], 邵新庆[2], 张建全[1], 钟梦莹[2], 柴琦[1], 余群[1], 魏佳宁[1]

关键词：玉树地区, 高寒草地, 利用方式, 土壤微生物, 类群, 数量动态, Yushu district Alpine meadow Management patterns Soil microorganisms Microorganisms types Dynamics

中文摘要：

连续2年对青海玉树高寒草甸的3种不同利用草地（天然草地、灭鼠草地、灭鼠＋围封草地）的微生物类群及微生物量碳、氮、磷空间含量及变化特征进行了研究,分析不同利用方式下土壤微生物特征及其变化规律.以探讨不同利用措施对玉树退化草地土壤微生物的影响.结果表明：同一利用方式下,不同土壤层（0～5,5～10和10～15 cm）土壤各微生物类群主要分布在土壤表层,且数量均随着土壤深度增加而减少.不同利用方式下,同一土壤层内,灭鼠和灭鼠＋围封草地对土壤细菌、真菌与放线菌和微生物各氮素类群数量有一定的促进作用;微生物量碳、氮和磷含量均表现为灭鼠和灭鼠＋围封草地显著高于天然草地;各草地类型中微生物数量是细菌＞放线菌＞真菌.表明天然草地经灭鼠和围封处理利用时均有利于草地土壤中微生物的活动,有利于草地的自然更新和保护物种多样性.

英文摘要：

Soil microbe types and communities, microbe content and aeroral distribution characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate of alpine grassland under three management regimes （natural grassland, natural grassland with mice control and natural grassland with mice control and enclosed） in Yushu district of Qinghai province China were studied between 2012 and 2013 to discuss the effects of different management regimes on soil microorganisms in degraded grasslands. The main results were as follow： For the same grassland, soil microbe communities were mainly distributed in the top layer of soil, and soil microbe communities decreased with the increase of soil layer depth from 0H15 cm. As for as the same soil layer was concerned, the number of soil bacteria, soil fungus, soil actinomyete, and soil nitrogen bacteria groups increased to certain extent under the regimes of natural grassland with mice control and enclosed grassland with mice control compared to the natural grassland without any management. The soft microbe biomass C, N and P contents of the grassland under the management of mice control and mice control to- gether with enclosure were significantly higher than those of natural grassland without any management. The total number of soil microbe in alpine grassland was ordered as bacterium 〉actinomyete 〉fungus. The research results suggest that natural alpine grassland with mice control or mice control together with enclosure facilitate the action of soil microbe, and reasonable managements help alpine grassland to improve natural reproduction and diversification.

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