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中文摘要：
根据青海省东部地区28个气象站1960-2011年的月降水资料,采用标准化降水指数（SPI）,Mann-Kendall检验和经验正交函数分解法（EOF）对青海省东部地区旱涝的时空分布特征进行了分析。得出以下结论：（1）青海省东部在近52 a中气候呈现明显的暖湿化趋势,年均气温在1992年左右发生突变;（2）研究区总体旱涝变化大致可分为4个阶段：1960-1975年与1991-2004年的干旱期,及1976-1990年与2005-2011年的洪涝期;（3）EOF分析得出,近52 a青海省东部的主要降水类型为：受大尺度气候异常的影响,全区表现为一致的多雨或少雨,研究区南部地区降雨量受纬度变化更为明显,纬度越高降水越少。
英文摘要：
In this paper, the spatial-temporal features of flood and drought in the east of Qinghai was analyzed based on the monthly precipitation data at 28 stations from 1960-2011. Standardized precipitation index （SPI）,Mann-Kendall test and empirical orthogonal function （EOF） were applied in the analysis. Results are as follows： （1） The climate in the east of Qinghai presents a warm and wet trend, and a jump in yearly average temperature occurred around 1992; （2） The overall change trend of flood and drought can be divided into four stages： drought periods during 1960-1975 and 1991-2004 and flood periods during 1976-1990 and 2005-2011; （3） The EOF analysis shows that, the precipitation in the east of Qinghai during recent 52 years is mainly affected by large-scale climatic anomaly, and the whole region rainfalls are consistently plentiful or rare. Rainfall in the south of the study area is more obviously influenced by latitude change： the higher the latitude, the more scarce the rainfall.
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