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中文摘要：
目的观察全民食盐加碘（USI）后甲状腺疾病住院率的变化。方法采用回顾性调查方法查阅医院甲状腺疾病住院病历．采用直接滴定法监测居民食盐含碘量，8～10岁学生尿碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法。结果USI实施后1～4年甲状腺疾病住院率呈逐年上升趋势，由22．5／10万升高至58．5／10万，至USI第5年开始下降．第6、7年已降至接近USI前的水平。同时观察到USI后居民食盐含碘量增加至6～9倍，学生尿碘升高至4～5倍。结论甲状腺疾病住院率的增高可能与USI的实施使碘营养状态迅速改善有关，这种增高在6至7年后可回复到USI前的水平。
英文摘要：
Objective To observe the effect of universal salt iodination （USI） on hospitalization rate of thyroid patients. Methods Medical reports of thyroid disorders were retrospectively analyzed, the iodine content of iodinated salt was directly titrated, and the median urinary iodine （MUI） of schoolchildren was measured by colorimetic ceric-arsenic assay. Results After USI, the hospitalization rates of thyroid disorders, which increased from 22.5/100 000 to 58.5/100 000 during the first 4 years, began to decrease from the 5th year and were similar to the level before USI in the 6th and 7th year. The iodine content of iodinated salt increased 6 to 9 times after USI while the MUI of schoolchildren increased 4 - 5 times. Conclusions The increase of the hospitalization rates of thyroid disorders, which drops bback to the level before USI after 6 or 7 years, may be related with the rapid improvement of iodine nutrition resulting from USI.
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