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中文摘要：
氮(N) 化肥的合理申请是一项重要措施提起 N 化肥恢复率和还原剂 N 损失。大米小麦旋转的一个二年的领域实验被采用在微生物的庄稼产量以及微生物的差异上包括 N 化肥减小和器官的粪肥代替学习 N 授精模式的效果。结果证明本地农民的传统的 N 化肥剂量的 20% 减小显著地没改变微生物(细菌，放射菌类，和真菌) 的庄稼产量， N 举起，土壤酶活动，和数字。根据 N 化肥的20%减小，分别地，由器官的粪肥的 N 化肥的50%代替由 46-62 ， 27-89 ， 33-46 ，和35-74%增加了蔗糖，朊酶， urease ，和磷酸酶的活动并且微生物的数字，即，细菌，放射菌类，并且由 36-150 ， 11-153 ，和43-56%的真菌分别地。进一步，器官的化肥代替让香农的差异索引 2.18 的(H) ，它比单个 N 化肥申请的另外的模式的高。结果建议了那在 20% 减少 N 化肥并且在试验性的区域使用器官的粪肥能有效地降低生产费用并且显著地改进土壤富饶和生物性质。
英文摘要：
Rational application of nitrogen （N） fertilizers is an important measure to raise N fertilizer recovery rate and reduce N loss.A two-year field experiment of rice-wheat rotation was employed to study the effects of N fertilization modes including a N fertilizer reduction and an organic manure replacement on crop yield,nutrient uptake,soil enzyme activity,and number of microbes as well as diversity of microbes.The result showed that 20% reduction of traditional N fertilizer dose of local farmers did not significantly change crop yield,N uptake,soil enzyme activity,and the number of microbes （bacteria,actinomycetes,and fungi）.On the basis of 20% reduction of N fertilizer,50% replacement of N fertilizer by organic manure increased the activity of sucrose,protease,urease,and phosphatase by 46-62,27-89,33-46,and 35-74%,respectively,and the number of microbes,i.e.,bacteria,actinomycetes,and fungi by 36-150,11-153,and 43-56%,respectively.Further,organic fertilizer replacement had a Shannon＇s diversity index （H） of 2.18,which was higher than that of other modes of single N fertilizer application.The results suggested that reducing N fertilizer by 20% and applying organic manure in the experimental areas could effectively lower the production costs and significantly improve soil fertility and biological properties.
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