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中文摘要：
为了尝试利用分子育种技术高效选育实用性籼稻优质香型不育系,本实验对参试的13份水稻籼型（Oryzasativa ssp.indica）保持系进行了稻米香味性状测定,并采用香味基因（fgr）的功能分子标记1F/1R进行PCR分子检测,发现宜香B有浓烈香味,PCR扩增出Ⅰ型带（fgr/fgr）,其余材料均为Ⅱ型带（Fgr/Fgr）。利用该分子标记,对Ⅱ-32B/宜香B配组的F1～3进行了1F/1R标记多态性鉴定,结果表明,分子标记具有共显性特性,表现为单基因控制模式。经过F2代分子标记辅助选择,F3代入选株系的香味特异性标记1F/1R纯合率高达96.0%。在F3选留的Ⅰ型纯合系基础上,结合株型、粒型、透明度、垩白度、糊化温度、直链淀粉等指标的田间和室内选择,选株与Ⅱ-32A成对交,并以后每世代保持约50～60对成对交规模,连续5代选株成对交,最终获得了一批性状稳定的优质香型不育系（保持系）,暂定名为浙农香A（B）系列。实验还选取4份代表性不育系（保持系）作了较为全面的特性鉴定,结果表明,该4份不育系（保持系）的1F/1R均为Ⅰ型标记,香味明显,且株型良好、粒型细长、高透明度、低垩白、中等糊化温度、中等AC含量,是较为理想的优质香型不育系（保持系）。研究结果提示,利用1F/1R分子标记辅助选择,可以提高选育优质香型不育系（保持系）的育种效率。
英文摘要：
In order to efficiently select some advanced fragrant sterile lines by means of molecular breeding technology,the functional molecular marker 1F/1R of fragrance（fgr） gene was used to detect the polymorphisms of 13 maintainers of indica rice.Yixiang B was identified to haveⅠ-type band（fgr/fgr）（strong fragrance） by PCR strategy,and the others had Ⅱ-type bands（Fgr/Fgr）.1F/1R was used to screen offsprings derived from a cross Ⅱ-32B /Yixiang B.The result suggested that 1F/1R showed codominance and was controlled by a single gene.By marker assisted selection（MAS） in the F2 generation,the homozygote rate of the marker 1F/1R in selected plants in F3 reached as high as 96.0%.Selecting the plants with fgr gene,together with the selection of traits in field and laboratory,such as plant type,grain type,transparency,chalk degree,gelatinization temperature,amylase content and so on,we obtained some plants interested among them and pairing mated with Ⅱ-32A.Through selection and pairing mating for 5 generations,with each generation into scale of about 50～60 pairs,we obtained some advanced fragrant sterile lines with stable traits,named Zhenongxiang A（B）.Four representative sterile lines were selected to evaluate their comprehensive characteristics.Results showed that these lines hadⅠ-type band at 1F/1R locus and they were considered as ideal advanced fragrant sterile lines with obvious fragrance,good plant types,slender grain type,high degree oftransparency,low degree of chalkiness,medium gelatinization temperature and amylase content.In conclusion,it is more effective to select the sterile lines of aromatic rice by functional marker fgr-1F/1R.
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