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中文摘要：
利用野外模拟降雨试验,分析不同植被条件覆盖下坡面降雨入渗产流和侵蚀产沙过程特征及其互作关系,阐明不同植被类型对坡面降雨侵蚀产沙过程的调控机理及其差异。结果表明：荒地、草地和坡耕地坡面产流产沙过程线均较林地的强烈,呈现出多峰多谷的特点,产沙过程较产流过程波动更为剧烈;坡面累计产沙量随累计径流量增加呈幂函数显著递增趋势,坡面侵蚀产沙过程表现为发育期、活跃期和稳定期3个阶段。在水沙调控方式上,林地主要通过植被根系削减侵蚀动力、增加入渗、削减径流及减缓流速等途径实现水沙调控,具有蓄水减沙的水土保持功效;草地植被主要通过地表植被冠层拦截实现水沙调控,具有直接拦沙的水土保持功效;植被空间结构对水沙调控作用有明显差异,其中植被根系的存在对发挥植被水土保持作用至关重要。
英文摘要：
The field simulated experiment study was conducted to explore the effect of vegetation types on hillslope runoff,erosion,sediment yield and infiltration,as well as the interrelation among these elements.The mechanism and variance of vegetation types regulating on the runoff and sediment process was clarified.The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield processes in barren land,grass land and slope farmland showed fluctuated trend than forest land,present the characteristic of multi-peak multi-valleys,and the fluctuation of sediment was stronger than runoff under the same rainfall conditions.The cumulative sediment yield and the cumulative runoff were found to be power functionally increased correlated,there were three stages of developing,active and stable in the development of hillslope runoff and sediment yield.The forest land regulates water storage and sediment yield depending on erosion dynamic curtailment,increased infiltration,and runoff curtailment as well as flow alleviation through its rich root networks.Sedimentation retaining was directly achieved by the surface vegetation canopy of grassland.The effectiveness of vegetation structure regulating on runoff and sediment yield was obvious difference,while the effect of vegetation root on soil and water conservation of vegetation was very important.
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