根据转子不对中故障产生的机理,针对传统不对中故障分类过于概括、对实际排除不对中故障指导意义不太明确的缺点,根据联轴器两端支承轴承的不同状态,提出转子不对中故障的新的分类形式——同侧轴承不对中、异侧轴承不对中、混合不对中,并与传统分类方法进行比较,探讨新的不对中形式与传统不对中形式的关系,给出新分类方法中各类不对中故障的机理及振动特征。研究结果表明:对于同侧轴承不对中,壳体振动频谱中2倍频特征明显而轴振频谱2倍频不明显;异侧轴承不对中相当于传统分类中的平行位移不对中,而混合不对中相当于传统分类中的综合位移不对中。现场诊断案例证明该分类方法的有效性。该研究成果为提高转子不对中故障诊断的准确率、更加有效地指导现场操作人员排除故障提供参考。
According to the mechanisms of misalignment fault of rotor systems, considering the defects of its traditional classification, a new classification of misalignment types was presented based on different operating conditions of bearings. In the new classification, three kinds of misalignment types were defined, namely, the misalignment of the same side bearings, misalignment of opposite side bearings and mixed misalignment. By studying the mechanism of them, the conclusions are achieved: the 2x component (compared with operating speed) is obvious in the signal from the shell or bearing pedestals but it is not obvious in the displacement signal from the relative vibration of the shaft in the first kind of misaligmnent fault ; the other two kinds of misalignment faults have the same vibration characteristics as traditional misalignment faults respectively. A diagnostic case of the first kind misalignment fault vali- dates the results. The research results provide reference for improving the diagnostic efficiency of misalignment faults and saving the time of removing the faults.