中文摘要：

近年来,在我国学校体育相关政策中,提倡第三方机构介入学生体质测评的政策条文相继出现。为了使政策较快较好地＂落地生根＂,采用文献资料对发达国家（如美国、澳大利亚）第三方机构的相关经验进行研究,以为我国学校体育相关领域的实践提供参考借鉴。发现美国与澳大利亚学校体育外包缘起于20世纪后半叶的新自由主义思潮,它的运行策略包括游说、奖励、标准制定、供给与监测。第三方机构对学校体育介入的影响主要在于：可优化学校体育资源配置、拓展毕业生的就业渠道以及提高学校体育的社会化程度等积极影响;同时,也易造成了教师主体意识耗损、教育公平的危害以及过度商业化等消极影响。在今后我国第三方机构参与学校体育改革的过程中,应该鼓励第三方机构参与学生体质的测评,建立体质测试的追踪机制并增强第三方机构的专业化程度,以发挥第三方机构的积极作用,规避对体育教育公平的损害以及过度商业化等负面影响。

英文摘要：

In recent years, some government policy regulations that encouraged third-party institution to participatein students fitness measure were came into being in China. For the purpose to promote these regulations＇ landing,we studied the related third-party institution experience in developed countries to provide practice reference forChina school physical education by the method of literature review. The results revealed that outsourcing of physi-cal education in USA and Australia goes back to the thought of ncoliberalism in the second half of the 20th centu-ry. Lobby, award, standard, provision and regulation are the main strategies used in outsourcing. Participation ofthird-party institution cause some positive effects including improvement of materials distribution, more choices forsenior students, and development socialization of physical education. Meanwhile, weaken of physical educationteacher＇s subjectivity, challenge of education equity, and over commercialization are the main negative effects. Weshould encourage third-party institution to participate in student fitness measure while China begins to enroll it intophysical education reform. And we should build up track mechanism for the fitness measure and improve speciali-zation level of third-party institution, let third-party institution play an active role and avoid education equalitychallenge and over commercialization.