中文摘要：

近年,我国学校体育学研究秉承＂一方面吸收外来学说,一方面,不忘本来民族之地位＂的理念对美国学校体育进行了大量研究,由于地域、语言、文化及意识形态的不同,学界对当前美国学校体育发展中存在的问题及其社会文化成因进行深入了解的途径较为单一,通过直观的体育教学观摩、间接的体育课程文本翻译以及赴美参加学术会议等途径难以满足系统、全面研究美国学校体育发展现状的要求,难以长期地、常态地跟踪与调查美国学校体育发展的整体生态环境,同时出现了个案研究居多,理论研究不足的问题。研究以＂启蒙理性＂与美国学校体育的逻辑关系为理论框架,采用文献资料、访谈等方法对美国学校体育的产生与发展进行研究,认为启蒙理性与美国学校体育之间构成因果关系与协调关系,启蒙理性在美国学校体育的7个历史阶段内曾展演出＂新教伦理＂、＂工具理性＂、＂技术理性＂等逻辑,当下表现为＂现代性＂。以福柯的＂历史断裂＂与＂局部斗争＂为理论工具对美国学校体育进行解构,认为＂现代性＂带来的人的主体性危机是当前美国学校体育问题的本质。为了避免类似问题在我国学校体育发展中出现,建议我国学校体育改革应客观认识＂美国经验＂,并重新审视＂现代化＂的价值与意义。

英文摘要：

In recent years,China＇s physical education reform holds the belief that to learn from the overseas theories,and not to forget the nationalistic position and has made a great number of researches on American physical education.However,due to the differences in geographic location,language,as well as ideology,normally direct observation and learning through ＂common contexts＂like Physical Education teaching takes place.In terms of deeper understanding and research about the problems faced by nowadays America,there is an obvious lack of means to investigate.Based on the limitation,in order to solve this problem,theoretical analysis is necessary.This paper adopts the methods of literature analysis and interview to investigate the logic relationship between enlightening rationality and American physical education,the result indicates that enlightening rationality,in different stages,evolved into protestant ethics scientism instrumental rationality technical rationality,respectively,and reveals itself as modernity currently.By using the theories discontinuity partial resistance of Foucault,to deconstruct American physical education,this paper concludes that the loss or impossibility of the return of subjectivity is the core issue in this crisis.Therefore,for China＇s future physical education reform,in order to avoid this crisis to occur,it is suggested to critically understand America＇s experience,and to re-examine the value and meaning of modernization.