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渠道冰凌下潜的数值模拟研究

ISSN号：0559-9350
期刊名称：水利学报
时间：2013.6.6
页码：673-679
分类：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]
作者机构：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072
相关基金：基金项目：国家重大科技专项（2012ZX07205005）;国家创新研究群体科学基金（51021004）;长江学者和创新团队发展计划（IRT0851）
相关项目：重大水利工程安全性的基础理论研究

关键词：冰凌下潜, 压差分布, 数值模拟, 力矩平衡, 临界条件, ice submergence, pressure distribution, numerical simulation, moment balance, critical condition

中文摘要：

冰凌下潜是冰塞形成和发展的基础，控制冰凌的下潜对于保证输水工程的安全和输水能力有重要的意义。本文采用VOF方法追踪自由水面，结合RNGk-e紊流模型，对浮冰块底面水压差分布进行了数值模拟。通过与DowAmbtmand的物理模型试验数据的对比，验证了该数值模拟方法的合理性和可靠性。基于冰块底面的水压差分布特征，分析冰块的下潜力矩肘。研究冰凌下潜的临界条件。发现冰块下潜的临界条件涉及到冰块前缘形状和由冰块厚度（6）、长度（￡）与冰块上游水深（H）构成的特征几何尺寸（δ／H、δ／L）：同条件下前缘矩形断面冰块较前缘圆形断面冰块易下潜；δ／L一定时，δ／H越大，冰凌下潜临界冰厚弗劳德数F￡。越小，临界水流弗劳德数见越大；占脚一定时，δ／L越大，则Ftcr和Frcr均越小。根据数值模拟和力矩平衡分析的研究结果，提出了天然冰凌下潜的判断准则。

英文摘要：

Ice submergence is the basis of ice jam formation and development. It is important to control ice submergence for ensuring the safety and capability of water conveyance project. By applying RNG k-e turbulence model and VOF method, the pressure distribution was simulated well beneath a floating ice block. The numerical simulation results were compared with Dow Ambtman＇s experimental results in a physi- cal model and they are in good agreement, which proved that the simulation results are reasonable and reli- able. The ice submergence moment Ma was calculated through the pressure distribution beneath a floating ice bock to study the ice submergence critical condition. The results show that （a） the ice submergence critical condition depends on the shape of ice leading edge, and thickness to water depth ratios （δ/H） and thickness to length ratios （δ/L）; （b） the ice block with rectangular leading edge is easier to submerge than the round one; when ice thickness to depth ratios increase, the critical ice thickness Froude number Ft will decrease and the critical water Froude number Fr will increase; and （c） when ice thickness to length ratios increase, the critical ice thickness Froude number Ft and the critical water Froude number Fr will decrease. Finally, we provide the judgment criterions on ice submergence based on the results of the numerical simulation and moment analysis.

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