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中文摘要：
以国家苹果种质资源圃中的44个苹果品种为材料，研究果实品质指标（单果质量、果肉质量、可食率、体积、密度、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、果心大小、L＊、a＊、b＊值）品种间差异、相关性并进行主成分分析。结果显示：12个品质指标在品种间都存在极显著差异性；部分品质指标问存在极显著或显著正（负）相关，部分指标间存在一定的相关性但不显著；主成分分析在特征值大于1时将12个品质指标综合为3个因子，累积方差贡献率达到82．618％，其中第一主成分主要代表果个大小信息，第二主成分主要代表果皮颜色信息，第三主成分主要代表密度、果形指数和果心大小。
英文摘要：
Forty-four apple varieties were evaluated for differences in fruit quality indicators including individual fruit weight, flesh weight, edible rate, volume, density, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, shape index, core size, L＊, a＊ and b＊. Meanwhile, these quality indicators were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis （PCA）. The results showed that the 12 quality indicators revealed a significant difference among 44 different apple varieties. A significantly positive or negative correlation was observed among some of the quality indicators. Three major components with a characteristic value larger than 1 during PCA were extracted and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 82.618%. The first principal component represented fruit size; the second principal component represented skin color and the third principal component represented fruit density, shape index and core size.
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