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中文摘要：
根据黄海1977年5月至1981年11月逐月大面温度、盐度和溶解氧调查资料，采用旋转经验正交函数（REOF）、调和分析和延迟相关分析等方法，分析了黄海表观耗氧量（AOU）场季节循环时空模态与机制。黄海年平均表观耗氧量场表层至30 m层为富氧状态；底层为贫氧状态，涌升流、涡旋流对浅层年平均表观耗氧量场水平分布有显著影响，生物活性组分（BAC）耗-生氧作用是影响年平均表观耗氧量场水平与垂直差异的主要因素。黄海表观耗氧量场季节循环主要有两种时空模态：第一模态中涌升流、涡旋流、径向风应力、黄海暖流、沉积物需氧（SOD）以及营养盐调控的生物活性组分耗-生氧作用季节变化是主要影响因素，模态空间分量为三层垂直结构分布，模态时间分量季节变化位相为自表层向深层与自底层向上层传播两种形态；第二模态中涡旋流、涌升流、纬向风应力以及营养盐调控的生物活性组分耗-生氧作用季节变化是主要影响因素，模态空间分量为准四层垂直结构分布，模态时间分量季节变化位相为自表层至30 m层同步季节变化与自30 m层向底层传播两种形态。两种模态时间分量中周期分量是主要分量，贫、富氧期准对称季节分布。增氧过程多数出现在贫氧期，使得贫氧期向富氧期转变，耗氧过程多数出现在富氧期，使得富氧期向贫氧期转变，由此形成表观耗氧量模态季节周期循环过程。黄海春夏季溶解氧垂直最大值现象并不是物理-生物过程同步季节作用的结果，而是显著垂直差异的物理-生物-化学分量连续季节演变的综合作用结果。
英文摘要：
Based on the monthly dataset of the temperature,salinity and dissolved oxygen （DO）from May 1997 to November 1981 of the Yellow Sea,the mechanism and spatio-temporal modes on the seasonal cycle of apparent oxygen utilization （AOU）field in the Yellow Sea were studied with methods of Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function （REOF）,harmonic analysis and the delay correlation analysis.The results show that the annual mean AOU field in the Yellow Sea is in oxic state from surface to 30 meters layer,while the bottom is in anoxic state.Upwelling and vortex flow have significant influence on the horizontal distribution of annual mean AOU field in the shallow layer, and oxidation-photosynthesis of biological active components （BAC ）is the main factor which affects the vertical difference of annual mean AOU field.The seasonal cycle of AOU field in the Yellow Sea is divided into two main kinds of spatio-temporal modes.For the first mode,upwelling,vortex flow,meridional wind stress,the Yellow Sea warm current,Sediment Oxygen Demand （SOD）and oxidation-photosynthesis of BAC regulated by nutrients are main influence factors.The spatial component of modes has a vertical structure of 3 layers,and the seasonal variation phase of time component of modes can be divided into 2 forms,including spread from the surface to the deep layer and from the bottom to the upper layer.For the second modes,vortex flow,upwelling,zonal wind stress and oxidation-photosynthesis of BAC are main influence factors.The spatial component of modes has a vertical structure of 4 layers,and the seasonal variation phase of time component of modes can also be divided into two forms,including synchronous seasonal variation from surface to 30 meters layer and spread from 30 meter layer to the bottom. Periodic component is the main component in time components of both modes.The anoxic and oxic stages show a quasi-symmetric seasonal distribution.Oxygen increase process often occurs in anoxic stage,and makes the transition from anoxic stage to oxic st
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