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中文摘要：
采用阳离子捕收剂HAY和脂肪酸类捕收剂GJBW对采自贵州织金硅钙质磷矿床的石英试样进行可浮性试验。结果表明,HAY比GJBW更易吸附于石英表面,2个试样可浮性存在差异。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜及X射线能谱、Zeta-电位对石英晶体结构及表面特性进行分析。X射线衍射分析结果表明,2份试样物相组成单一,纯度高,结晶粒度较大。晶胞参数分析计算结果与理论值接近,偏大,晶胞参数偏差是影响石英可浮性的主要因素。扫描电镜及能谱分析表明：石英表面存在凹坑和明显棱角,晶体表面存在微量的Al、Mg和K等元素对石英进行活化,其相对密度越大,石英可浮性越好。Zeta-电位分析结果表明,石英零电点较低,石英表面金属离子使石英Zeta电位负移,石英表面电负性强,在弱酸条件下使用阳离子捕收剂HAY对其浮选效果较好。推测石英表面杂质元素可能是以类质同象进入石英晶体结构,对石英表面特性及可浮性影响较大。
英文摘要：
Cationic collector HAYand fatty acid collector GJBW were applied to investigate the natural floatability of quartz from Zhijin, Guizhou Province, China. Results show that collector HAY adsorbs on the surface of quartz more easily than fatty collector GJBW. Besides, the floatability of 2# is different from 1#. X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectroscopy, and Zeta potential analysis tests were used to investigate the crystal structure and surface property of quartz. Result of X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the composition and purity of two samples are simple. The crystallinity of samples is high. And the crystal grain size is large. The lattice parameters of the samples are similar with theoretical values, and larger. The change of cell parameter has effect on quartz floatability. Results of surface topography and elements distribution on the surface show some pits and obvious edges and corners. The aluminium and potassium are doped crystal structure of quartz in the form of isomorphic elements and interstitial impurity. Therefore, cationic collectors are more easily adsorbed on these places. The quartz is activated by traces of magnesium, aluminium and potassium on the surface of quartz. Result of Zeta potential test shows that the PZC （同前） of quartz is low. And these metal ions on the surface made the Zeta potential more negative. Through the test analysis above, it proofs that the electronegativity of the quartz＇s surface is stronger. The floatation ratio was higher when the cationic collector was used under the condition of weak acid. The impurity elements may dope the crystal structure of quartz in the form of isomorphic. These elements have great effects on the floating properties of quartz.
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