中文摘要：

研究昆布与甘草合煎给药与分别单煎给药对机体自身代谢的影响及差异。分别采用昆布、甘草单煎与合煎方法进行提取,通过常规生化参数测定、病理切片观察和气相质谱测定血清中内源性小分子方法研究提取物对SD大鼠肝、肾毒性以及系统代谢的影响。结果发现,昆布与甘草合煎给药较昆布单煎给药造成大鼠肾脏组织更明显的病理异常,昆布与甘草无论单煎还是合煎给药对肝脏均无明显影响,甘草单煎给药对肾脏无明显影响。昆布与甘草合煎组给药5天,引起血清中谷草转氨酶下降（单煎组没有明显变化）和总尿素氮明显升高（昆布单煎组也升高）。采用GC-MS方法对大鼠血清中内源性小分子分析发现昆布、甘草单煎与合煎提取物给药均对代谢有明显影响,且合煎给药组与昆布组对机体代谢影响相似,提示合煎提取物对机体代谢的影响可能主要来源于昆布。昆布、甘草分别单独煎煮和合煎提取物给药引起支链氨基酸、三羧酸循环中间物和糖代谢中间物（丙酮酸和乳酸）水平降低和3-羟基丁酸水平升高,昆布降低三羧酸循环中间物和糖代谢中间物能力强于甘草以及合煎组,而甘草给药组中支链氨基酸水平降低更加明显。提示合煎给药对SD大鼠代谢的影响与甘草和昆布均有关。昆布单煎及昆布-甘草合煎提取物连续给药均可造成肾脏损害,合煎给药较昆布单煎给药造成大鼠肾脏组织更明显的病理异常,说明一定剂量范围内甘草可加重昆布的肾脏毒性作用,是中药＂相反＂配伍禁忌的特征表现之一。

英文摘要：

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the single and mixed decoction of Thallus laminariae （kelp） and Glycyrrhiza glabra （licorice） on the metabolism and their difference. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice and the single decoction were made and intragastrically administered to the SD rats. The effect on system metabolism, the toxicity of liver and kidney were assessed by GC-MS profiling of the endogenous molecules in serum, routine biochemical assays and histographic inspection of tissues from SD rats, separately. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice induced more obvious pathological abnormalities in SD rats than a single decoction of kelp, while the extracts of licorice did not show any pathological change. Neither the mixed, nor the single decoction showed abnormal histopathology. After intragastric administration of extracts for 5 days, the mixed decoction induced a decrease of ALT （no significant change in the groups of single decoction） and an increase of BUN （so did the single decoction of kelp）. Metabolomic profile of the molecules in serum revealed that the metabolic patterns were all obviously affected for the three groups, i.e., the mixed and single decoction of kelp and licorice. The rats given with the single decoction of kelp showed a similar pattern to that of the mixed decoction, indicating that the kelp primarily contributed the perturbation of metabolism for the mixed decoction. All three groups induced a decrease of branched chain amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates （e.g., pyruvic acid and lactic acid） and an increase of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kelp decoction showed stronger potential in reducing TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates than the other two groups, while the levels of branched chain amino acids were the lowest after licorice extracts were given. These results suggested that the effect of the mixed decoction on metabolism was closely associated with both kelp and licorice. The continuous administra