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中文摘要：
柴油机喷嘴内部流动对喷雾有重要影响,然而燃油温度又影响着燃油的物性,进而影响喷嘴内部流动,因而研究燃油温度对柴油机喷嘴内部流动及其喷雾的影响有重要意义.在自行搭建的比例放大喷嘴可视化试验台架上,基于高速数码和长工作距离显微成像技术,获得了单孔和双孔喷嘴的内流和喷雾可视化图像,研究了流量系数、空化长度随燃油温度的变化情况以及对空化和喷雾的影响,通过对比发现,燃油温度越高,空化初生对应的喷射压力越小,空化流动阶段,同样的喷射压力下,燃油温度越高,孔内的空化分布区域越大.同时燃油温度增加,其喷雾锥角也相应变大,并观察到了“线空化”和几何诱导空化同时存在的现象.
英文摘要：
The flow structure in a diesel injector nozzle has significant effect on subsequent spray characteristics. The fuel temperature is a very important factor for the internal flow structure in diesel nozzles as it strongly affects fuel physical properties. The effects of fuel temperature on diesel nozzle internal flow and the subsequent atomization were studied by a flow visualization experiment using a 10-times scaled-up transparent acrylic model nozzle. A high-speed digital camera was used to capture the flow pattern in a single-hole nozzle and a two-hole nozzle. Variations of flow coefficient and cavitation length with the fuel temperature and their effects on cavitation and spray characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the critical pressure of cavitation inception decreases with the increase of fuel tempera- ture. Under the same injection pressure, the cavitation area in the nozzle orifice and the spray cone angle increases with the increase of the fuel temperature. In addition, cavitation images also show that both phenomena of linear cavi- tation and geometric induced cavitation exist together in the same time.
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