中文摘要：

目的调查不同性别、不同学习成绩、不同视力水平高中生对近视眼病因的了解程度,为相应干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用调查问卷,整群抽取242名高中生进行调查,要求其列举5个近视眼病因,按照重要性标注出顺序。结果回答频次正好达到5个的占52.45%,≥5个的合计占68.63%;回答4个、3个、2个、1个的分别为18.14%、7.84%、2.94%、2.45%。回答频次≤3的,男、女生的比率分别为18.33%、11.11%（P〉0.05）;职高、高中的比率分别为9.28%、16.82%（P〉0.05）;视力为A档、B档、C档、D档、E档的比率分别为4.65%、11.11%、12.12%、13.56%、27.27%,E档与D档的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。被调查对象对近视眼病因的了解集中在18个,依次为手机、电脑、电视、坐姿、距离近、过度用眼、用眼不卫生、时间长、遗传、躺着阅读、读写、暗光读写、不注意护眼、电子产品、夜间读写、强光、电游、眼操不足,分别有58.82%、53.92%、52.45%、32.35%、30.39%、20.10%、20.10%、19.61%、19.61%、18.63%、16.18%、13.73%、13.24%、10.29%、8.33%、7.35%、6.86%、5.88%的对象回答。结论长海县高中生对近视眼病因的了解还有欠缺;不同性别、不同学习成绩、不同视力水平之间没有明显差别。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the knowledge on the cause of myopia among senior high school students who were divided into several groups by gender,school record（SR）and visual acuity（VA）,so as to provide scientific basis for working out relevant measures on myopia. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used,242 senior high school students were surveyed with special questionnaires.They were demanded to list and sequence 5causes of myopia. Results The proportions of answer sums（AS）attaining ≥5,5,4,3,2,1were 16.18%,52.45%,18.14%,7.84%,2.94%and 2.45%respectively.For AS≤3,there were no significant difference between male（18.33%）and female（11.11%）（P〈0.05）,between higher SR students（16.82%）and lower SR ones（9.28%）（P〈0.05）,and between the poorest VA students（27.27%）and its next higher level of VA（13.56%）（P〈0.05）.These answers were concentrated on 18 items,including mobile,computer,television,setting posture,closer distance,eye overuse,defect on eye health,longer time,heredity,lying down reading,read and write,dim light,not pay attention to eye,electronic product,reading in night,blaze,video games and eye exercises insufficiency,and they were answered by 58.82%,53.92%,52.45%,32.35%,30.39%,20.10%,20.10%,19.61%,19.61%,18.63%,16.18%,13.73%,13.24%,10.29%,8.33%,7.35%,6.86% and 5.88%subjects respectively. Conclusion There is deficiency in the knowledge on the cause of myopia among senior high school students;but there are no obvious gaps among different gender,SR and VA.