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中文摘要：
牦牛主要生活在中国青藏高原地区,以采食牧草为主。研究表明,牦牛消化纤维素的能力远高于黄牛和奶牛,其主要原因在于三者瘤胃内微生物种类存在着明显的差异。牦牛瘤胃内存在着庞大的可降解纤维素的微生物群体,通过分泌纤维素酶,从而对采食的牧草具有极强的降解能力。本文主要对牦牛瘤胃微生物的组成特征、降解纤维素机制、影响因素及对牦牛瘤胃微生物资源利用进行了综述,旨在为加强对纤维素菌的利用,将其更加高效地运用于中药发酵等现代化领域中提供理论依据。
英文摘要：
Yak mainly lived in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau in Qinghai province of China and lived on grasses.Many studies had shown that yak＇s ability to digest cellulose was far higher than Yellow cattle and dairy cows.Because there were significant differences in the rumen microorganisms among these three kinds of animals.There was a large microbial population in the yak rumen that could degrade cellulose.In this paper,the characteristics of microorganism,influence factor and the mechanism of cellulose degradation in yak were summarized.In addition,the brief introduction of the yak rumen microbial＇s possible applications had carried on in order to provide theoretical basis and strengthen the use of cellulose degradation bacteria in the areas such as modernization of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation and so on.
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