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海上油田注水开采中H2S成因及油管腐蚀分析

ISSN号：1001-3660
期刊名称：《表面技术》
时间：0
分类：TE357.61[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]
作者机构：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程教育部重点实验室,北京102249, [2]中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院,北京102206
相关基金：“十三五”重大专项（2016ZX05058）;国家自然科学基金项目（51434009）;国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目（51221003）

作者：殷启帅[1], 杨进[1], 杨宇平[2], 李文龙[1], 阚长宾[1], 胡南丁[1], 陈孝亮[1], 李亚涛[1]

关键词：海上油田, 注水开采, 次生H2S, 生成原因, 腐蚀分析, 材质优选, offshore oilfield, waterflooding, secondary H2S, origin, corrosion analysis, materials selection

中文摘要：

目的探究海上油田注水开采中H2s成因及油管腐蚀机理，对H2s有效防治和油管防腐材质优选具有重要意义。方法首先对现场取得的气样、注水样、油样及井口缓蚀剂进行化学检测，然后进行硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）培养验证试验、SRB生长特性研究，最后对废弃L80油管进行腐蚀行为分析。结果气样中存在H2s，部分生产井H2s的体积分数高达0．03％，但注水样、油样的水相组分和井口缓蚀剂均未检测到硫化物，排除注入过程中携带H2s的可能性。PGc培养基中生长了SRB菌落，证明地层产出水中含有SRB。该油田SRB菌株的最佳生长温度为55～65℃，pH为5．5～6．0。添加NaN02后，H2s质量浓度一直极低（〈0．5mg／L），192h后菌浓才开始增加，抑制效果良好。废弃L80油管裂纹宽度为20～50μm，裂纹宽度较窄，硫化物应力开裂（SSC）的风险较小。点蚀坑深度小于50gm，表面没有较大较深的点蚀坑，腐蚀速率较低。结论SRB在厌氧条件下通过生物膜内产生的氢将8042-还原为H2S，所以注水开采过程中的H2S为次生，注水井水质不达标是导致该油田H2S产生的根本原因。L80油管在SRB．C02腐蚀体系中发生了微生物腐蚀（MIC），且次生H2s对油管腐蚀较初生H2S轻微。推荐该油田在后期开发中按照次生H2s进行油管防腐材质优选，适当降低防腐级别，节约作业成本，该研究成果具有良好的推广价值。

英文摘要：

The work aims to study origin of H2S and tubing corrosion mechanism during offshore oilfield waterflooding, which is of great importance in effectively preventing generation of H2S and selecting anti-corrosion materials of tubing. Firstly,chemical detection was applied to gas samples, injection water samples, oil samples and wellhead corrosion inhibitor. Secondly, sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB） culturing verification test was done, SRB growth characteristic was study, and finally corrosion behavior of discarded L80 tubing was analyzed, There was some H2S in the gas sample, and H2S concentration in some produc- tion wells was up to 0.03%. However, no sulfide was detected in the water sample, aqueous phase constituent of injection water and oil samples as well as the wellhead corrosion inhibitor, possibility of carrying H2S in the injection process was excluded. SRB colonies found in the PGC media showed that SRB was contained in water produced from stratum. The temperature of 55-65 ~C and pH of 5.5-6.0 were optimum to grow SRB colonies in this oilfield. H2S concentration had been very low （〈0.5 mg/L） after NaNO2 was added and the SRB concentration began to increase after 192 h, showing that the inhibitory effect of NaNO2 was very good. Crack width of discarded L80 tubing was as narrow as 20-50 larn, the narrower the crack was, that the lower the risk of sulfide stress cracking （SSC） would be. The depth of corrosion pit was less than 50 ~tm, no large and deep pit hole was detected on the surface, indicating that the corrosion rate of LS0 tubing was low. The SRB can reduce SO42- to H2S by [H] generated in biofilms in anaerobic conditions, so the H2S is secondary during waterflooding, generation of H2S in the oil field is primarily caused by unqualified injection water. L80 tubing is subject to microbial corrosion （MIC） in SRB-CO2 corro- sion system, and the corrosion of secondary H2S on the tubing is less severe than that of primary H2S. It is recommended to se- lect oilfield anti-corrosion materi

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