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不同秸秆埋深对苏北滩涂盐渍土水盐动态变化的影响

ISSN号：0253-9829
期刊名称：土壤
时间：2013.12.15
页码：1101-1107
分类：S159.2[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008, [2]中国科学院南京分院东台滩涂研究院,江苏东台224200, [3]南京林业大学,江苏南京210037
相关基金：公益性行业（海洋）科研专项经费项目（201105020）; 江苏省科技支撑计划项目（BE2013357）; 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目（KZCX2-YW-359）; 国家自然科学基金（41171181;41171178）
相关项目：滨海集约农区农田土壤盐分运动的随机模拟及其风险预警

关键词：滨海盐渍土, 土壤质量, 模糊综合指数法, 综合评价, 黄河三角洲, coastal saline soil, soil quality, method of fuzzy comprehensive index, synthetic evaluation, Yellow River Delta

中文摘要：

以黄河三角洲滨海盐渍土区为研究区域,选择对该区植物生长密切相关的0∽30 cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全盐含量、p H值和粘粒含量作为土壤质量综合评价的评价指标,应用模糊综合指数法计算土壤质量综合评价值,对综合评价值进行克里格插值,采用自然分段法划分等级,并对土壤质量进行综合评价。结果表明：土壤质量综合评价值介于0.194∽0.376之间,研究区土壤质量总体较差;东北部沿海滩涂土壤质量最差,随距海岸线距离的增大,土壤质量综合评价指数逐渐增大,呈环状分布,分别在研究区西南部和西北角出现相对高值区;质量最差的四、五级地面积分别为804.60 km2和834.73 km2,总计占整个研究区面积的51.46%,主要为滩涂、光板地和盐荒地,其特点是养分缺乏、土壤盐分含量高、土壤脱盐困难。合理利用该类型土地途径是改变土地利用方式,如种植耐盐碱作物和发展海水养殖或兴建盐场等。对其它等级土壤也提出相应的改良利用措施。

英文摘要：

To provide a comprehensive evaluation of soil quality,soil from coastal saline area in the Yellow River delta was used to examine soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total salt content,p H and clay content of 0 ∽ 30 cm soil layer,which are relevant with plant growth in this area. The values of soil quality were measured by the method of fuzzy comprehensive index.Kriging interpolation method and natural breaks were additionally used for the comprehensive evaluation of soil quality. A soil quality classification was established through interpolation and natural breaks in ARCGIS. The result showed that： value of the soil quality comprehensive evaluation fell down to somewhere between 0.194 and 0.376,indicating that the soil quality in this area was generally poor. The soil quality in northeastern coastal shoal was the worst. With the increase of distance from the coastline,soil quality comprehensive evaluation value became increased,and the high values appeared in the southwest and northwest regions of the research area,suggesting a circular spatial distribution. According to the classification result,grades 4 and 5 were lowest in soil quality with areas of 804.60 km2 and 834.73 km2,respectively,accounting for 51.46% of the entire research region. In addition,this particular area included beach,bare land and salt wasteland,which have been characterized as deficiency in nutrients,high level of soil salt content and difficultness in soil desalinization. Making reasonable use of the soil mightbe a primary approach for its quality improvement,such as planting salt tolerant crops and developing aquaculture or constructing salt pond. Additional improvement measures should also be put forward to soil lands with other grade.

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